In the world of design and innovation, we have long operated under a traditional model. We observe users from a distance, conduct market research, and then retreat to our labs and conference rooms to design a solution that we believe they will love. We call this “customer-centric” design, but it’s a one-way street. As a human-centered change and innovation thought leader, I am here to argue that this model is no longer enough. The future of innovation belongs to those who move beyond designing **for** their users to designing **with** them. This is the power of **co-creation**, a strategic shift that transforms customers from passive recipients of a product into active, invaluable partners in its creation.
Co-creation is the ultimate form of empathy. It’s an open invitation for your most passionate users to contribute their insights, skills, and creativity directly to the design process. This isn’t just about collecting feedback; it’s about treating your customers as equal partners in the journey of innovation. The benefits are profound. By involving the people you serve, you bypass the risk of building something they don’t genuinely need. You uncover unarticulated pain points and desires that a traditional survey could never reveal. And perhaps most importantly, you build a powerful sense of ownership and community. When customers have a hand in creating a product, they don’t just use it; they become an army of loyal advocates, invested in its success and eager to spread the word.
The Co-Creation Framework: A Human-Centered Approach
Successful co-creation is not a random act of crowdsourcing; it is a structured, human-centered process. It requires a clear framework to ensure that the collaboration is meaningful, productive, and respectful. Here are four essential steps:
1. Define the Challenge, Not the Solution: The starting point is crucial. Don’t ask users to validate a product you’ve already built. Instead, present them with a clear, compelling problem to solve. For example, instead of “How do you like our new app?”, ask, “How might we make your daily commute more enjoyable?” This opens the door to a wider range of creative solutions.
2. Build the Right Platform: Co-creation can happen in many forms. It could be a series of in-person workshops, a dedicated online community, a digital platform for ideation and voting, or a private beta program. Choose a platform that is accessible, easy to use, and facilitates collaboration among all participants.
3. Empower the Co-Creator: Treat your users as equal partners. Give them the information they need, and make their role in the process explicit. Whether they are ideating, prototyping, or providing feedback, ensure they understand how their contributions will be used and how they fit into the bigger picture.
4. Close the Loop: This is arguably the most important step. A co-creation initiative is not a one-off event. It requires transparency and a continuous feedback loop. Be sure to show participants what happened to their ideas. Even if an idea wasn’t chosen, explain why and thank them for their contribution. This builds trust and encourages continued participation, turning a single project into a long-term community.
“The best innovations are not born in a lab; they are born in the conversations between creators and the people they are creating for.” — Braden Kelley
Case Study 1: Threadless – Building a Business on Collective Creativity
The Challenge:
In the highly competitive world of apparel, fashion trends are traditionally dictated from the top-down by designers and major retailers. This process is inherently risky and often disconnected from what consumers actually want to wear. A small t-shirt company needed a new model that could consistently produce fresh, relevant designs with minimal risk while building an authentic brand.
The Co-Creation Solution:
Threadless launched a revolutionary business model based entirely on co-creation. The company’s platform is a digital community where artists from around the world submit t-shirt designs. The community then votes on their favorite submissions. Each week, the designs with the highest votes are put into production. The winning artists receive prize money and royalties on their designs. This model is a masterclass in crowdsourced innovation.
Empowered Co-Creators: Threadless gives artists a clear incentive and platform to contribute their creativity. They are not just submitting work; they are participating in a creative community.
Reduced Risk: The voting process acts as powerful market validation. Threadless knows a design is likely to be a commercial success before it ever spends a dollar on production, significantly reducing inventory and design risk.
Built-in Community: The platform fostered a vibrant, global community of artists and fans who felt a deep sense of ownership. This turned a transactional relationship into a collaborative partnership, leading to immense brand loyalty.
The Result:
Threadless became a major success story, proving that a company’s most valuable design team might be its own customers. By co-creating with its community, Threadless not only built a profitable business but also created an authentic, beloved brand known for its originality and its dedication to the collective voice of its creators. The company’s model demonstrates that the best way to predict what consumers want is to simply ask them to create it.
Case Study 2: L’Oréal’s Open Innovation Platform – Co-Creating Science and Beauty
The Challenge:
As a global beauty giant, L’Oréal’s R&D model was powerful but also traditional and at times, slow. The company needed to accelerate its innovation pipeline, especially in cutting-edge fields like green chemistry, artificial intelligence, and new biotech ingredients. The challenge was how to access and integrate external expertise from the world’s most brilliant scientists, researchers, and startups in a way that was agile and efficient.
The Co-Creation Solution:
L’Oréal adopted a strategic open innovation approach, which is a sophisticated form of co-creation. Instead of relying solely on internal labs, the company actively seeks partnerships with independent scientists, researchers, and startups through dedicated platforms and venture capital initiatives. L’Oréal presents specific scientific or technological challenges and invites external experts to co-develop solutions. For example, they might partner with a startup to develop a new sustainable ingredient or collaborate with a university lab to create a new method for personalized skincare.
Defined Challenges: L’Oréal clearly articulates its technological and scientific needs, empowering a global network of experts to contribute.
Empowered Partners: The company treats these external collaborators as true partners, not just vendors. This approach fosters a culture of shared purpose and mutual trust.
Continuous Innovation: This model is not a one-time project; it is a permanent innovation channel that allows the company to continuously learn from and adapt to the rapid advancements in science and technology.
The Result:
By implementing a co-creation strategy on a massive scale, L’Oréal has been able to significantly accelerate its innovation cycle and develop groundbreaking products that would have been impossible to create internally alone. The approach has led to new patents, new product categories, and a more agile business model. This case study demonstrates that co-creation is not limited to consumer-facing products; it is a powerful strategic tool for even the largest and most complex organizations to stay at the forefront of their industries.
Conclusion: The Future of Innovation is Collaborative
The era of closed-door design is over. In a world where customer expectations are higher than ever, the most successful organizations will be those that open their doors and invite their users to the innovation table. Co-creation is not a marketing gimmick; it is a fundamental strategic shift from “customer-centric” to “customer-led.” It is an acknowledgment that your users are not just consumers; they are a wellspring of insight, creativity, and passion.
As leaders, our role is to create the platforms and the culture that enable this collaboration. By treating your users as partners, you will not only build better products and services but also forge a deeper, more resilient connection to the people you serve. The future of innovation is not solitary; it is collaborative, and it is waiting for you to invite the first person in.
Extra Extra: Because innovation is all about change, Braden Kelley’s human-centered change methodology and tools are the best way to plan and execute the changes necessary to support your innovation and transformation efforts — all while literally getting everyone all on the same page for change. Find out more about the methodology and tools, including the book Charting Change by following the link. Be sure and download the TEN FREE TOOLS while you’re here.
Image credit: Pexels
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Recently I had the opportunity to interview Mauro Porcini, author of the new book The Human Side of Innovation: The Power of People in Love with People.
Mauro Porcini is PepsiCo’s first ever Chief Design Officer. He joined the food & beverage corporation in 2012 and in said role he is infusing design thinking into PepsiCo’s culture and is leading a new approach to innovation by design that impacts the company’s product platforms and brands, which include Pepsi, Lay’s, Mountain Dew, Gatorade, Sodastream, Doritos, Lifewtr, Bubly, Aquafina, Cheetos, Quaker, 7Up, Mirinda, amongst many others. His focus extends from physical to virtual expressions of the brands, including product, packaging, events, advertising, fashion and art collaborations, retail activation, architecture, and digital media.
The interview dives into multiple aspects of innovation and design, including risk management, incremental versus disruptive innovation, the importance of language, meaning, and more.
Without further ado, here is the video recording:
Thanks to you Mauro for sharing your insights with our global human-centered change and innovation community!
To learn more about Mauro’s views on the importance of our humanity to design and innovation, grab yourself a copy of his new book The Human Side of Innovation: The Power of People in Love with People.
If you are more of a reader, then WITH FAIR WARNING, below you will find the questions I asked Mauro and a RAW TRANSCRIPT pulled directly out of YouTube without punctuation, etc. for the brave of heart.
I’m sorry, but it’s the best I can do right now. Here is the RAW, UNPUNCTUATED TRANSCRIPT of our interview:
1. Why is there no innovation without risk?
First of all thanks for having me it’s a pleasure to be here with you today why there is no innovation with our risk because the moment you change the status quo the moment you take anything it could be a product a brand
And experience a service anything and you modify uh its nature you modify that thing to take you to another status by definition you don’t know exactly uh what is going to happen you cannot control all the variables even just the fact that by modifying uh the solution people will react to it in a variety of different ways there is a wonderful um author and philosopher from Italy that inspired me since I was a child his name
Is pirandel and he wrote a book that in Italian was called Uno nesuno centonida I do remember exactly how they translated the title in English is available in many different languages but literally it means one nobody one hundred thousand and it talks about how we are one person but then eventually we are seen by the people surrounding Us in so many
Different ways and so we are 100 000 different people for all the people looking at us and interacting with us and seeing something different in us and then it goes on saying well because of this you know if you’re not yourself anymore and you are all those hundreds of thousands of interpretation uh you become nobody now we don’t need to think about this third iteration and this idea of nobody but that inspired me since I was very young because this is true for
Us as people but this is true also for anything we do as designers innovators entrepreneurs brand leaders we create something but we have no idea how that something is going to be interpreted by the people out there how they’re gonna use it they could spin it in One Direction in the other direction and so by definition when we create something we need to try to understand as much as possible the people in front of us their needs their wants their dreams and then
We need to really Buffet we need to do a proposal Ernesto juice Monday the founder of the lighting company are telling me that is Iconic you know premium luxury lighting firm used to say I don’t create solutions for people I create proposals and we’ll see how they will go obviously you know I try to manage the risk of The Proposal I try to control all the variables but we need to understand that we are Innovative and we’re really innovating we are need to
Be ready to take risk and we need to manage the risk with all the tools that we can with data we research with our knowledge but at the end of the day we need to be ready to take the risk and we also need to be ready therefore to manage the risk I used to work in 3M and the famous iconic CEO of 3M for many many years William McKnight used to say that once again there is not Innovation with our risk he was saying essentially the same thing and therefore we need to
Manage risk in the culture of the common we need to be okay with missteps with mistakes with failures or as I like to call them with experiments we need to be ready to embed the idea of failure slash experiment in our financial algorithms and we need to make sure that if somebody make an experiment that doesn’t go in the right direction by the way an experiment that by definition is all about testing and ideas so in any direction it goes is probably the right
Direction but you understand what I’m talking about when somebody makes an experiment proceed eventually by people as a failure or a mistake we don’t crucify the person we actually celebrate eventually the learning coming out of the misstep and we need to put in place also and ecosystem our processes and tools to extract as much learning out of that misstep and share the learn with the rest of the organization
Yeah I think I think it’s very important that that last Point especially that you just made around learning is the the key thing that you’re trying to achieve with any experiment and you can learn uh from success and failure and you know most of the time we we focus on trying to eliminate risk but I think you’re right that it’s key to not only manage it but manage the acceptance of the risk so so building upon that
2. You say innovation should start from our personal lives, but we also frequently say in design thinking that ‘you are not the customer’. How do you reconcile the two?
I love this question and nobody asked me this question yet I love it for a reason in the American culture of design that is the cultural design that essentially took to fame the idea of this I think you know and celebrated the idea of the same thinking I think there is somehow
And misunderstanding about what design thinking really is because we’ve been celebrating so much the processes the tools the ways of working uh that we think that is enough to bring in a consultant do a workshop on this and thinking all of a sudden now everybody knows the methodology we can do design think we can solve the problems of the world with that we think that we can bring in a design leader in these organizations and somehow
Introduce the idea of the same thinking and once again we’ll solve everything and the reality is that design thinking is not just a tool it’s not just about the tool eventually if you want to identify the same thinking as a methodology it’s not just about that there is the design thinker behind that and so there is all this conversations about the fact that you need to somehow detach yourself from uh the product the brand experience you
Need to focus everything on your end user or your customer or your consumer on the people you serve I like to call them people human beings and and so a lot of people think that you need to remove the sensitivity of the design The Poetry of the design the ability of the designer to understand those insights to observe people and translate that into poetry
Translate that into something that is unique that is different you know you can observe a reality in a neutral way as much as you want but at the end of the day if you put 20 people observing the same reality in the same way these 20 people we create solutions that are 20 times different on the base of their sensitivity and this is great we need to say that we need to preserve that is so important to understand that the touch of the design
Interpretation of the designer you know how the designer translates something that is objective that is neutral that is read about understanding the people you have in front of you but then add color nuances poetry as I called it earlier to make it magic to make it unique and this is the reason why you cannot replace designers with artificial intelligence at least until artificial intelligence
Will be able to replace human beings but then you know replacing designers or innovators will be the last of the problems or Humanity because artificial intelligence will think that you don’t need Humanity at all because we are totally in efficient in this plan I think we are destroying you know our society and our planet but before we get there hopefully we will never get there this sensitivity of the person the human being is something
We want to save and we need to stop talking about design thinking and Innovation processes as processes that need to be just objective and neutral without realizing the importance of having human beings with their emotions and their interpretations in these processes this is so clear when you are in a startup when you are a star designer to design a chair or a piece of light they make the difference as the
Entrepreneur make the difference in a subtop and then we work in corporations we work a scale and we forget the importance of the human being with a unique approach and sensitivity that can transform a cold data an observation that is available to anybody out there in Magic The Magic that make your company grow the magic that add shoulder value to your stock the magic the set you apart from competition yeah very very great points I think that
Too often people get lost in the idea of design thinking as a process when it’s more about a mindset and like you said the magic that that comes from identifying that key human insight and then doing something interesting with it
3. Why is incremental innovation no longer enough?
Incremental Innovation is safer and is a stable way to keep your company going to keep it up to speed and to progress towards something bigger and
Better so we need that is not enough because we live in a world that is continuously disrupted by new things in the world of business that means that we have so many new companies new brands new products coming in in their business reality competing with our products and brands in our life it means that there are so many things changing all the time and we live in total uncertainty and therefore
The ability to change and to flex and eventually to these wraps is part of this new ecosystem we live in is becoming many situations for you know many people uh in many companies even a condition for survival you know if you’re a person you lose your job or you’re attacked by a virus or something happen imagine you’re like you need to be able to disrupt and and and and this is creating so much anxiety in this Society is so much an
Exciting in companies as well but let’s go back to you know the context of business in companies we live in a world where today anybody can come up with an idea get easy access to funding through their proliferation of investment funds and all platforms like kickstarter.com where you can crowdfund your idea the Custom Manufacturing is going down driven by globalization and new technologies you can go straight to the people you serve what I like to call
People and other person called consumers through the e-commerce platforms to sell them stuff and through social media to promote your ideas and products in all these areas the companies of the past were building their huge barriers to entry middle scale of production distribution and communication it was so difficult to go compete with a big brand with a big company for the man and the woman on the street today they can and so the big and the small are left with
Just one solution they need to focus on the needs and wants of people and create something extraordinary for them the way we are trying to do that at PepsiCo is to think of a future uh where you know understand what is the future understand the societal diffusion understand the freedom marriage category of the future and understand what kind of Road PepsiCo could play in in the future and then understand what kind of product portfolio we need
To have to be ready to the Future so already that thinking is somehow disruptive or generates idea that are disruptive then you need to figure out how to use them this kind of ideas inform our Innovation strategy in turn developing things in-house it informs our partnership and you venture strategy it informs our acquisition strategy so you need to find ways to be disruptive in a strategic way
To be ready to a war that is Shifting and changing in the speed of light and the normal cycle of innovation based on incremental linear innovation don’t work as well as they used to work because of the speed of change it doesn’t mean you need to develop everything from within it means that you need to develop an innovation strategy that then can find different kind of outputs you can do everything by
Yourself you can do it with Partners out there or you can eventually make Acquisitions as well if you are a company I can afford it and this is by the way interesting because in the startup kind of world we live in the acquisition strategy is what many of these are Tabs are looking for so it’s a health ecosystem where you have entrepreneurs eventually build up new things new ideas and you have corporations at a certain point are
Alive and work with them so is is a very interesting new scenario but both the beginners model need to understand how to combine incremental Innovation with more disruptive innovation and thinking definitely definitely and that that’s uh that’s a very important point that without companies seeking to acquire startups then fewer startups would it would exist because they wouldn’t see that as an exit um very cool so uh let’s go back to
Something that you spoke about there just recently there which is …
4. What is the harm in calling people consumers?
Look I studied design in school we would never call the people we designed for consumers it would be so weird and we’re calling them eventually users most of the time people human being we were talking already back then 30 years ago about human centricity but not as a nobody thing it was just the way we were doing things and so if you
Call People’s consumers you’re gonna face that you’re gonna focus on the idea of selling them stuff obviously I mean you look at them as entity buying your product and you want to make money on by the way on top of it you’re gonna categorize people and reduce people to the area of consuming but you know what me you my wife my daughter my friends we do so much more in life than just consuming you know we do so many more things and I
Don’t want companies and Brands to look at me as a consuming being I want to have companies and Brands looking at me as a human being for who I am if you call them users at least you’re gonna focus on the use of the product you’re offering them and so you’re gonna try to satisfy the needs that they have and create products that are functionally relevant and desirable but if you look at them as people as
Human beings you’re gonna go above and beyond you’re going to think about them holistically you’re gonna think about them as people you care about people you love you know the subtitle of the book is people in love with people and when you love somebody could be your kids your wife your husband your significant other your parents and your friends what do you do well you try to do more you try to really make these people happy to do
Magic and expect that you want to make sure that you are serving them at 360 degrees and this is you know the mindset and the culture you build in your company if you stop calling them consumers or even users I used to have to call them for who they are people human beings it changed completely words are powerful and and a word can help you shaping the culture of an organization call them people and you will have armies of other people in love with
People trying to create something extraordinary for them is the product is the brand is the service you’re not going to be happy just with something that is good enough because it’s profitable and people are buying it you’re gonna try always to create something that is extraordinary because you want first of all to make people happy now this was a luxury in the past eventually for companies today is a need and is a must because of the
Competitive landscape we live in with barriers to entry crumbling down under the Winds of globalization new technologies and digital media and therefore the need of this company is already creating something extraordinary in all the different dimensions because if you have one of few areas or weakness that in the past you could protect your barriers to entry today are exactly the entry point for your competitors to come and erode your market share your mind
Share your love share with your with the people you serve well I think I think those are all uh very important points that you have to bring it away from the ACT to consumption and back to the the whole person if you really want to connect with the people that you’re looking to to serve and to bring value and meaning to uh speaking of meaning what does it take my dog that is crying usually stays on the desk with me one of the two and now it’s not but it cannot come out by itself
5. What does it take to make a design meaningful?
Every time we create a product um or any solution in general somehow we are touching the life of these people in a variety of different
Ways and we can add um convenience safety Beauty style and a variety of other values to the life of these people or on the opposite direction we can make the life of these people and I’m we can create complications to their lives we can make it challenging and difficult therefore when we create something we should always be driven by this idea of creating something that is relevant to them
And relevant to the company you know I I and and so I Define this relevance through a series of principles of meaningful design that I talk about in the book there are two foundational principles that are one the idea of creating something that is functional that is emotional and is semiotic so it fulfilled a specific functional need it creates uh engagement and emotional level between you and the product in the
Quran and then somehow it represents you as a semiotic value it tells a story about you to the rest of the world and then the other foundational principle is that the the solution should be essentially and I synthetizing in a way you know but new unique different uh from anything out there then there are a series of other principles that somehow take you the level down and give you a direction on how to design these products the product should be
Sustainable from aesthetic standpoint from a functional standpoint from an equal ecological standpoint from a social standpoint respectful of people um from a emotional stem points from a financial statement there are a series of um values and I call it sustainable meaning that you need to think about your portfolio of products and Solutions in time it needs to be it needs to add all these different layers of value over
Time uh it’s not just about fulfilling a solution I need in the short term but really thinking about how the solution is sustainable over time and now you need to be ready to change over time to create something extraordinary for them Then There are a series of other clarifying principles but I invite you to have a look at the book it will be a longer story but he told you know those principles are really about the sensitivity of the designer and some of
The things we discussed earlier in this conversation uh about the fact that design is not just about the cold solution to a problem to a product but it’s a story that is the sensitivity of of uh the the the designer or the entrepreneur or anybody coming up with a lady and creating the solution behind that very good that that story is definitely challenging to create I’m sure
6. Why do we work so hard as human beings to get the right answers to the wrong questions? How can we do better?
Well often we live our lives personal lives as well as our professional lives answering to expectations that come from order and so here you are and they tell you
Well you need to do this and to do that you need to you know have certain steps in your life and you’re like okay this is what they’re asking me to do I comply I go to high school I go to university I get married eventually I do certain things that Society expect me to do you go to a job and they tell you this is your job description I hire you because of this and then later on they tell you well this is your project this is the brief
And what most of the people do is answering the brief working within the boundaries of the job description living within the boundaries of those expectations of society there are some people though and usually this is the mindset of the innovator the challenge the convention the challenge the question the challenge the brief not for the sake of challenging but just because they want to understand better they want to understand if what
They ask to do is the right thing to do for them but also for the people asking the people being your boss the company or even Society do we live in the right Society should we challenge the conventions of this Society is my job description great for my company or I could do more than that to really help the company in ways that the company doesn’t even realize is the question in the brief the right one
Or actually they should ask me something else because if I just answer the question I’m gonna generate a series of answers that are great that are right but the question is wrong and therefore by definition also those right answers will be wrong won’t have value as an example is an example I make in the book as well imagine they ask you to design a bridge and many people would be like okay they asked me to design a bridge so I’m going
To design a bridge and I’m going to design a bridge to these beautiful that is functionally unbelievable and and I I’m gonna generate you know a series of bridges and they will be incredible designers and Engineers that we generate beautiful and super functional bridges that we all admire and they’re very iconic but the real innovator and by the way the philosopher the child will ask why
Here I am with another dog just a second she’s well uh the real innovator as well as the philosopher and a child they all ask why is typical of the philosopher to ask why and then again why again why is a technique to arrive to their root cause to the primary cause of everything the children do the same for other reasons and so once when you start to apply you will figure out in the case of the bridge that first of all
Yes you need to move from A to B why do I need a bridge of course you need to move from one side of the river to the other side of the river but then you ask again why why do I need to move on the other side of the river and they will tell you what because in the other side of the river there is the hospital and therefore the people of this town they need to take a bridge to arrive in a convenient way to the hospital if you stop there
Immediately you will think well maybe the bridge is the solution but maybe I can invent something else maybe I’m going to invent a sort of drone that you can write that can make each person real time super quick much faster than taking a car and going on a bridge arriving to the other side of the river so already that is an innovation instead of Designing a bridge you’re designing a machine that can fly it can take you to the hospital
But if you keep asking why maybe you arrive to realize that actually you don’t need the hospital on the other side you know the hospital is there but you can build an Hospital on this side of the river and so instead of Designing yet another Bridge you’re gonna design an hospital that is by far better Solutions because these people can have right much faster to the hospital when they did it than taking a bridge and going to the other side of the river
This is a very banal example very simplistic example to show how often we keep creating solutions for problems that are not the right ones to solve and if we will question the challenge the brief who arrive to something very different I did this all my life because of a man that with these behaviors and the way he was conducting business somehow taught me the kind of mindset it was my partner in the agency I created many years ago his name is Claudio a
Famous shoe business producer imagine like meeting Jay-Z here in the United States when you’re 24 and creating a company with this person so that’s what happened to me and I learned by observing him how he would challenge everything and every time thinking how can I do something different from uh what I did you know even himself before or from what everybody else did before and he was using this technique of always trying to understand the root
Causes and how you could really create something relevant for people in a different way and so with that kind of mindset I joined 3M I joined PepsiCo and I started with challenging my own job description creating something different in the way I was interpreting my job they were asking me to design products mostly the aesthetic side of a product a 3M I created the chief design officer position over time doing much more than what they were asking me and I thought
I’d be in so much more value for the company than if I was just designing the style of those two products they asked me to design when I was 27.
Image credits: Pixabay, Mauro Porcini
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In the world of product development, we’ve long been obsessed with the quantifiable. We meticulously list features, measure performance in milliseconds, and define success by technical specifications. We design for functionality, believing that the most powerful product is simply the one that does its job most efficiently. But as a human-centered change and innovation thought leader, I’ve seen a profound shift. The most enduring, beloved, and successful products of our time are not defined by their features, but by the feelings they evoke. The future of innovation belongs to those who move beyond cold logic and embrace the emotional core of great design.
The human brain is wired to make decisions based on emotion, and then use logic to justify those decisions. This isn’t a flaw; it’s a fundamental part of our experience. A product that elicits joy, trust, surprise, or a sense of belonging forges a bond that is far more powerful and resilient than one built on a simple list of features. When a user feels a connection to a product, they don’t just use it; they become an advocate for it. They forgive its flaws, celebrate its improvements, and build a lasting relationship with the brand. This is the difference between building a useful tool and creating an unforgettable experience.
The Three Principles of Emotional Design
Emotional design isn’t about slapping a beautiful user interface on a clunky product. It’s a holistic, human-centered practice that requires empathy, intuition, and a willingness to focus on the full user journey. Here are three core principles:
Empathy Over Efficiency: Before you can design for a feeling, you must understand the human being who will experience it. This means going beyond demographics and data points to conduct deep, qualitative research. What are their frustrations? What are their aspirations? What moments in their day could be made a little bit better, a little more joyful?
Designing for the Experience, Not Just the Interaction: A single user interaction might be efficient, but what about the entire journey? Emotional design looks at the whole picture—from the moment a customer discovers your brand to the final, post-purchase experience. Every touchpoint is an opportunity to reinforce a feeling of trust, delight, or ease.
The Power of the Unexpected: Great emotional design often surprises us. It’s the small, thoughtful detail that goes above and beyond—the clever animation, the personalized message, or the intuitive solution to a problem we didn’t even know we had. These micro-moments of delight are what turn a user into a true fan.
“Features can be copied. Feelings can’t. The ultimate competitive advantage is an emotional connection that is deeply human and utterly unique.” — Braden Kelley
Case Study 1: Apple and the Feeling of Intuitive Magic
The Challenge:
In the early 2000s, the consumer electronics market was dominated by clunky, feature-heavy devices. MP3 players, for example, were often difficult to navigate, with tiny screens and an overwhelming number of buttons. While functionally they played music, the user experience was often frustrating and technical. The “features race” led to complex, unapproachable products.
The Emotional Design Solution:
Apple’s innovation was not just in creating a better MP3 player; it was in designing for a feeling of simplicity and effortless magic. The original iPod’s design was a masterclass in emotional design. It had a single scroll wheel, a clean, minimal interface, and a seamless connection to iTunes. The famous iPod unboxing experience—from the perfectly weighted box to the clean aesthetic—was designed to evoke a feeling of elegance and anticipation. With the iPhone, Apple went even further. The absence of a keyboard and the simple, finger-driven interface made the technology feel intuitive and magical. The user wasn’t just using a phone; they were interacting with a fluid, responsive piece of art.
Empathy: Apple deeply understood the frustration of the current user experience—the clunkiness, the technical complexity—and designed a solution that felt effortless.
Experience over Function: The iPod and iPhone weren’t just about playing music or making calls. They were about the entire user experience, from the unboxing to the seamless integration of hardware and software.
The Unexpected: The tactile satisfaction of the iPod’s scroll wheel and the fluid, responsive gestures of the iPhone were small, delightful moments that built a deep emotional bond.
The Result:
Apple didn’t win the features race; they won the feelings race. The emotional connection they forged with their customers built an unparalleled brand loyalty that allowed them to command a premium price and dominate the market. Their success proves that a focus on human feeling can be a more powerful strategic choice than a focus on technical specifications alone.
Case Study 2: Airbnb and the Feeling of Trust and Belonging
The Challenge:
When Airbnb launched, the concept of staying in a stranger’s home was met with deep-seated fear and skepticism. The fundamental business model was built on trust, a feeling that is incredibly difficult to design for and instill in users. People needed to feel safe enough to book a space and welcome a stranger into their home, a challenge that went far beyond typical e-commerce design.
The Emotional Design Solution:
Airbnb’s design team understood that their product was not just a booking platform; it was a trust engine. They went to great lengths to design for feelings of security and belonging. This started with their user profiles, which were not just functional but also told a story. They encouraged users to build detailed, personal profiles with photos and bios, making strangers feel more human and less intimidating. The robust review system, with its two-way feedback loop, was designed to build a feeling of social proof and accountability. The company’s brand messaging, with its focus on “belonging anywhere,” was a powerful emotional narrative that resonated with people’s desire for connection and community.
Empathy: Airbnb designers deeply understood the core fears of their users—the fear of the unknown, the fear of danger, and the fear of a bad experience—and they systematically designed features to alleviate those fears.
Experience over Function: The design wasn’t just about booking a transaction. It was about creating an entire experience of belonging, from the user interface to the real-world interactions.
The Unexpected: Small touches, like the personalized messages from hosts and the unique, curated experiences, created a feeling of connection that was far superior to a sterile hotel booking.
The Result:
By designing for the emotional core of trust and belonging, Airbnb overcame the biggest obstacle to its business model. They transformed a scary concept into a global phenomenon. Their success is a powerful testament to the idea that the most challenging human emotions—like fear and skepticism—can be deconstructed and overcome with a thoughtful, human-centered approach to design.
Conclusion: The Ultimate Differentiator
In a world where technology is a commodity and features are easily replicated, the ultimate and most sustainable competitive advantage is an emotional connection. The brands that will win in the future are not those that build the best tools, but those that design the most powerful feelings. As leaders and innovators, our challenge is to stop seeing design as a final coat of paint and start seeing it as a fundamental strategic lever. We must prioritize empathy, listen to the unarticulated desires of our customers, and have the courage to design for a more human, more emotional, and more meaningful experience. The path to great innovation leads from the spreadsheet to the human heart, and it is a journey worth taking.
Extra Extra: Because innovation is all about change, Braden Kelley’s human-centered change methodology and tools are the best way to plan and execute the changes necessary to support your innovation and transformation efforts — all while literally getting everyone all on the same page for change. Find out more about the methodology and tools, including the book Charting Change by following the link. Be sure and download the TEN FREE TOOLS while you’re here.
Image credit: Unsplash
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In the Before Times, we attended conferences to learn, make connections, and promote ourselves and our businesses. Then COVID hit, and conferences became virtual. Although that made them easier to attend, it also made them easier to skip. Because, if we’re honest, most conferences were more about connecting and promoting than learning.
Last week, I went to one of those rare, almost mythical, conferences more focused on learning and connecting than promoting. It was fantastic! It was also in Nebraska (which is a pretty interesting place, btw).
It’s a bit embarrassing to admit, but if you asked me to define “Strategy,” I’d respond with a long and rambling answer. Which means I can’t define “strategy.” This admission is especially embarrassing because I have a resume littered with places where I developed, drafted, and implemented strategies, so I should have learned what the word means. But nope, I didn’t.
I suspect I’m not alone.
Asking for the definition of strategy is like asking if you must wear clothes to the office. You should know the answer. But unlike whether or not clothing is mandatory, most of us don’t know the answer, AND it’s easy to get away with never knowing the answer.
The elegant simplicity of Kareen’s definition of strategy blew my mind. It’s short, memorable, and something that most people can understand. Maybe I should share the definition with my alma maters and past employers.
“When we feel threatened, our IQ drops 50 to 70 points”
When I first heard talk about Psychological Safety and Safe Spaces in today’s business world, I rolled my eyes. Hard. As a Gen X-er, I grumbled about how we didn’t need “safe spaces” when I grew up because we were tough and self-reliant, and I lamented the inevitable downfall of society caused by weak and coddled Millennials.
I was wrong.
Psychological Safety is absolutely and unquestionably essential for individuals to grow, teams to work, companies to operate and innovate, and societies to function and evolve. I’ve seen teams and businesses transform and achieve unbelievable success by discussing and living the elements they require for Psychological Safety. I’ve also seen teams and businesses fail in its absence.
These results aren’t surprising when you realize that you feel threatened when you are in a complex situation in which you cannot accurately predict the outcomes. And when you feel threatened, you are half as intelligent, effective, and creative as you are when you’re calm.
So, if you’re a manager and you’re upset that your people aren’t as intelligent, effective, or creative as they should be, it may not be their fault. It may be yours.
“Stage expertise, not industry expertise, is key to innovation success”
There is deep comfort in the known. It’s why we gravitate to people like us. It’s also why companies ask job candidates and consultants about their experience in the industry and choose those with deep experience and impressive expertise. Often, there’s nothing with this question or the resulting decision.
Sometimes, it’s precisely the wrong question.
Sometimes, functional expertise is significantly more important than industry experience. After all, if you’re the hiring manager at a healthcare company looking for a Director of Finance, who would you hire – a Marketing Director from a competitor or a Finance Director from a CPG company?
That’s the case with innovation.
Decades of real-world experience (not to mention the successful launch of 100+ startups) show that successful corporate startup teams had expertise (mindsets, skillsets, executional drive) in the startup’s phase and a working knowledge of the industry rather extensive industry expertise and little to no innovation experience.
Questions are good. The right questions are better. So, the next time you’re staffing up an innovation team (or hiring a consultant), choose based on their innovation experience and willingness to learn about your industry.
Innovation happens everywhere
That’s why people from San Francisco, Austin, Washington DC, NYC, Toronto, Boston, and dozens of other places converged on Lincoln, Nebraska.
We went to see innovation in action and learn about the thriving startup community in the middle of the country. We also went to learn and connect with others committed to creating new things that create value.
Getting our minds blown was a bonus.
Image credit: Pixabay
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From my vantage point here in Washington state, amidst the vibrant tech scene and the natural beauty of the Pacific Northwest, I’m constantly reminded that truly impactful innovation is rooted in a deep understanding of human needs. We can develop the most technologically advanced products or the most efficient processes, but if they don’t resonate with the people they are intended to serve, they will ultimately fall short. The secret ingredient that transforms good ideas into breakthrough solutions is empathy – the ability to understand and share the feelings of others. It’s not just about understanding their stated needs, but delving deeper into their unspoken frustrations, their hidden desires, and their fundamental human experiences.
Empathy in design is not a soft skill; it is a critical capability that drives relevance, desirability, and ultimately, success. When we put ourselves in the shoes of our users, when we truly see the world through their eyes, we unlock insights that are simply not accessible through data analysis or market research alone. This deep understanding allows us to move beyond solving surface-level problems to addressing the core needs and pain points that truly matter. Empathy fuels creativity, guides our design decisions, and ensures that the solutions we create are not just functional, but also meaningful and impactful in people’s lives. It transforms the design process from a technical exercise into a deeply human endeavor.
Putting empathy into action requires a conscious and deliberate effort. It involves adopting a mindset of curiosity and humility, and actively engaging with users through various methods, including:
Immersive Observation: Observing users in their natural context to understand their behaviors, routines, and the challenges they face.
In-Depth Interviews: Engaging in open-ended conversations to uncover users’ motivations, feelings, and perspectives.
Empathy Mapping: Visually synthesizing user research to gain a holistic understanding of what users say, think, feel, and do.
Participatory Design: Involving users directly in the design process to co-create solutions that meet their needs.
Bodystorming and Role-Playing: Physically experiencing a user’s situation to gain a visceral understanding of their challenges.
Case Study 1: IDEO and the Redesign of Hospital Experiences
The Challenge: Reducing Anxiety and Improving the Patient Journey
The healthcare experience can often be stressful and disorienting for patients and their families. Traditional hospital design and processes often prioritize efficiency over emotional well-being. IDEO, a renowned design and innovation firm, recognized this disconnect and sought to redesign the hospital experience with a deep focus on empathy for patients and caregivers.
Empathy in Action:
IDEO’s team immersed themselves in the hospital environment, shadowing patients, nurses, and doctors. They observed the anxieties of patients navigating unfamiliar surroundings, the frustrations of nurses struggling with inefficient workflows, and the emotional toll on families. Through in-depth interviews, they uncovered the unspoken needs and fears of everyone involved. This empathetic understanding led to a range of human-centered design solutions, from clearer wayfinding signage and more comfortable waiting areas to redesigned patient rooms that offered greater control and privacy. They even developed tools to improve communication between patients and medical staff, addressing the feeling of being unheard or uninformed.
The Impact:
IDEO’s work in healthcare demonstrated the profound impact of empathy-driven design. The redesigned spaces and processes led to reduced patient anxiety, improved staff satisfaction, and better overall outcomes. By focusing on the human experience, IDEO was able to transform a traditionally stressful environment into one that was more supportive, comforting, and healing. This case study exemplifies how putting empathy into action can lead to innovative solutions that not only meet functional needs but also address the emotional and psychological well-being of users.
Key Insight: Immersing oneself in the user’s environment and deeply understanding their emotional experiences is crucial for designing healthcare solutions that prioritize well-being and improve outcomes.
Case Study 2: Airbnb and Designing for Trust in the Sharing Economy
The Challenge: Building Trust and Safety in a Novel Accommodation Platform
When Airbnb first emerged, it faced a significant challenge: how to build trust between strangers willing to open their homes to travelers and vice versa. The traditional hotel model had established mechanisms for safety and security, but the sharing economy platform relied on an entirely new dynamic. Without trust, the fundamental premise of Airbnb would collapse.
Empathy in Action:
The founders of Airbnb recognized that empathy was essential to overcoming this challenge. They spent considerable time engaging with early hosts and guests, trying to understand their anxieties and concerns. They asked themselves: What would make a host feel comfortable welcoming a stranger into their home? What would make a traveler feel safe staying in someone else’s property? This empathetic inquiry led to the development of key features designed to build trust, such as detailed host and guest profiles with photos and reviews, secure payment systems, and responsive customer support. They also focused on visual design and storytelling to create a sense of community and shared experience. By understanding the emotional needs of both hosts and guests, Airbnb was able to design a platform that fostered a sense of trust and safety, enabling the sharing economy to flourish in the accommodation sector.
The Impact:
Airbnb’s success is a testament to the power of empathy in designing for a new paradigm. By deeply understanding the trust-related anxieties of its users, the company was able to create a platform that resonated deeply and facilitated millions of successful stays worldwide. The features they developed, driven by empathy, not only addressed practical concerns but also fostered a sense of connection and belonging within the Airbnb community. This case highlights how empathy can be the foundation for building trust and driving the adoption of innovative, peer-to-peer business models.
Key Insight: Understanding and addressing the emotional needs and anxieties of users is paramount for building trust and facilitating the adoption of new and potentially unfamiliar platforms or services.
The Imperative of Empathy in Innovation
Across the globe, the most groundbreaking innovations are those that tap into fundamental human needs and desires. Empathy is not just a desirable trait for designers; it is the very engine of meaningful innovation. By actively cultivating our ability to understand and share the feelings of our users, we can move beyond creating mere solutions to designing experiences that truly resonate, build lasting relationships, and make a positive impact on people’s lives. In a world increasingly driven by technology, the human element, fueled by empathy, remains the most critical ingredient for creating a future where innovation serves humanity in profound and meaningful ways.
Extra Extra: Because innovation is all about change, Braden Kelley’s human-centered change methodology and tools are the best way to plan and execute the changes necessary to support your innovation and transformation efforts — all while literally getting everyone all on the same page for change. Find out more about the methodology and tools, including the book Charting Change by following the link. Be sure and download the TEN FREE TOOLS while you’re here.
Image credit: Pexels
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As I engage with organizations striving for meaningful innovation, a recurring question arises: how do we truly measure the success of human-centered projects? Too often, we fall back on traditional metrics like ROI or efficiency gains, which, while important, fail to capture the full impact of designs rooted in human needs and aspirations. Designing for impact requires a more nuanced and holistic approach to measurement, one that considers not just the bottom line, but also the positive changes we create in people’s lives and the world around us.
Human-centered design is, at its core, about creating solutions that are desirable, feasible, and viable. While viability often translates to traditional business metrics, desirability and feasibility are deeply intertwined with human outcomes. Did the solution genuinely address the users’ needs? Did it improve their experience? Did it empower them in some way? These are the questions that should drive our measurement of success. Simply launching a product or implementing a service isn’t the finish line; the true measure lies in the positive change it generates for the people it’s intended to serve. This requires a shift from measuring outputs to measuring outcomes, and even further, to measuring impact on human lives and well-being.
To effectively measure the success of human-centered projects, we need to develop a comprehensive framework that incorporates both quantitative and qualitative data. This framework should consider the following dimensions:
User Satisfaction and Experience: Gathering feedback directly from users about their experience with the solution, using methods like surveys, interviews, and usability testing.
Behavioral Changes: Observing and measuring changes in user behavior as a result of the implemented solution. Are they adopting it? Are they using it in the intended way? Is it leading to desired actions?
Impact on Goals: Assessing how the solution contributes to the users’ individual or collective goals. Is it helping them achieve what they set out to do more effectively or efficiently?
Broader Societal and Environmental Impact: Evaluating the wider consequences of the solution, considering its effects on the community, the environment, and overall well-being.
Long-Term Value and Sustainability: Assessing the long-term viability and positive impact of the solution over time. Is it creating lasting change?
Case Study 1: Redesigning Public Services for Citizen Well-being
The Challenge: Low Citizen Engagement and Inefficient Service Delivery
A local government in a neighboring region was facing low citizen engagement with its online services and persistent inefficiencies in service delivery. Residents found the online portals confusing and difficult to navigate, leading to frustration and increased calls to already strained customer service lines. The “traditional” success metrics focused on website traffic and the number of transactions processed online, but these metrics didn’t reflect the actual experience or satisfaction of the citizens.
The Human-Centered Approach and Measurement:
The government adopted a human-centered design approach to redesign its online services. This involved extensive user research, including interviews and usability testing with residents of diverse backgrounds and tech savviness. The redesign focused on creating intuitive navigation, clear language, and a user-friendly interface. To measure success, they went beyond website analytics. They implemented satisfaction surveys integrated directly into the online portals, conducted follow-up interviews to understand the impact on citizens’ lives (e.g., time saved, reduced stress), and tracked the decrease in calls to customer service. They also looked at the behavioral changes, such as the increased adoption rate of online services for tasks that previously required in-person visits. The “impact on goals” was measured by how effectively citizens could now access and complete necessary tasks online.
The Results:
The redesigned online services saw a significant increase in user satisfaction scores (measured through the integrated surveys and interviews). There was a marked decrease in calls to customer service, freeing up resources for more complex issues. Citizen adoption of online services for key tasks increased substantially, indicating a positive behavioral change. Ultimately, the project’s success was measured not just by the efficiency gains for the government, but by the improved ease and convenience for the citizens, leading to a greater sense of civic engagement and well-being. The long-term value was evident in the sustained high satisfaction rates and the reduced burden on traditional service channels.
Key Insight: Measuring the success of public service design requires focusing on citizen satisfaction, behavioral changes in service adoption, and the impact on their ability to access and utilize essential resources.
Case Study 2: Developing Assistive Technology for Enhanced Independence
The Challenge: Creating Technology that Truly Empowers Individuals with Disabilities
A local non-profit organization was dedicated to developing assistive technologies for individuals with physical disabilities. Their initial attempts focused on technical feasibility, but the adoption rates were lower than expected. The devices, while functional, didn’t always align with the users’ specific needs or integrate seamlessly into their daily lives. The organization realized they needed a more human-centered approach to their design and measurement of success.
The Human-Centered Approach and Measurement:
The organization shifted its focus to deeply understanding the needs and aspirations of the individuals they aimed to serve. They conducted extensive ethnographic research, spending time with potential users in their homes and communities to observe their daily routines and challenges. Based on this research, they co-created new assistive technology solutions with users, incorporating their feedback at every stage of the design process. To measure success, they focused on the “impact on goals”—how the technology enhanced the users’ independence, autonomy, and quality of life. They collected qualitative data through in-depth interviews and longitudinal studies, tracking changes in the users’ ability to perform daily tasks, participate in social activities, and pursue their personal interests. They also looked for behavioral changes, such as increased engagement in activities they were previously unable to do. While sales figures were a factor for sustainability, the primary measure of success was the tangible improvement in the lives and independence of the individuals it serves.
The Results:
The human-centered approach led to the development of assistive technologies that were not only functional but also truly desirable and integrated seamlessly into the users’ lives. The qualitative data revealed significant improvements in the users’ independence, self-esteem, and overall well-being. They reported being able to perform tasks more easily, participate more fully in their communities, and experience a greater sense of control over their lives. The long-term value was evident in the sustained use of the technologies and the ongoing positive impact on the users’ daily experiences. This case highlights that in the realm of assistive technology, success is best measured by the tangible improvements in the lives and independence of the individuals it serves.
Key Insight: In assistive technology and similar fields, the most critical measures of success are the qualitative improvements in users’ independence, well-being, and ability to achieve their personal goals.
Moving Beyond Traditional Metrics
As we continue to champion human-centered innovation, it’s crucial that we evolve our definition of success. By embracing a more holistic and human-centric approach to measurement, we can gain a deeper understanding of the true impact of our work. This involves actively listening to the voices of those we serve, observing changes in their behavior, and evaluating the broader societal and environmental consequences of our solutions. Ultimately, designing for impact means focusing on creating positive and lasting change in the lives of people and contributing to a more humane and sustainable future. It’s about moving beyond simply delivering a solution to creating meaningful and measurable impact.
Extra Extra: Because innovation is all about change, Braden Kelley’s human-centered change methodology and tools are the best way to plan and execute the changes necessary to support your innovation and transformation efforts — all while literally getting everyone all on the same page for change. Find out more about the methodology and tools, including the book Charting Change by following the link. Be sure and download the TEN FREE TOOLS while you’re here.
Image credit: Gemini
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From my vantage point here in America, I’ve observed a growing tendency to equate human-centered design solely with UI (user interface) and UX (user experience). While these elements are undoubtedly crucial, they represent only a fraction of what it truly means to craft holistic human experiences. True innovation in this space requires us to look beyond the screen and consider the entire journey, encompassing not just usability and aesthetics, but also emotional resonance, social impact, and long-term well-being.
The focus on UI/UX has brought significant improvements to the digital products we use every day, making them more intuitive and visually appealing. However, a beautifully designed interface or a seamless user flow is insufficient if the underlying service or product fails to meet deeper human needs or creates negative externalities. Think of a highly addictive social media app with a flawless UX but detrimental effects on mental health, or a convenient delivery service that contributes to unsustainable traffic congestion and gig worker precarity. These examples highlight the limitations of a design approach that stops at the surface level.
Crafting truly holistic human experiences demands a broader perspective, one that considers the entire ecosystem surrounding a product or service. It requires us to empathize not just with the direct user, but with all stakeholders impacted, including employees, communities, and the environment. This involves moving beyond user-centricity to a more human-centric approach, where we consider the broader consequences of our creations and strive to design solutions that contribute to overall human flourishing. Key elements of this holistic approach include:
Emotional Resonance: Designing for positive emotional connections and memorable moments throughout the entire experience, not just during direct interaction with a digital interface.
Ethical Considerations: Proactively addressing potential negative consequences, biases, and unintended harms that our creations might inflict on individuals or society.
Accessibility and Inclusivity: Designing experiences that are usable and equitable for people of all abilities, backgrounds, and contexts.
Service Design Integration: Mapping the entire customer journey, both online and offline, to identify opportunities for improvement and ensure a consistent and positive experience across all touchpoints.
Sustainability and Impact: Considering the environmental and social impact of our designs throughout their lifecycle, striving for solutions that are both beneficial and sustainable.
Case Study 1: Airbnb – Beyond the Booking Interface
The Initial Focus: Streamlining the Accommodation Search
Initially, Airbnb’s primary focus was on creating a user-friendly platform for finding and booking accommodations. Their UI and UX were designed to make this process as seamless and efficient as possible. However, as the platform grew, Airbnb recognized that the true value proposition extended far beyond the transaction itself.
Crafting a Holistic Experience:
Airbnb began to focus on the entire travel experience, recognizing that it encompasses not just finding a place to stay but also the sense of connection with a local community. They introduced “Experiences,” allowing travelers to book unique activities led by local hosts, fostering cultural exchange and deeper connections. They also invested in building trust and safety within their community through enhanced verification processes and host-guest communication tools. Furthermore, they have begun to address their environmental impact through initiatives aimed at promoting sustainable travel. By expanding their focus beyond the booking interface, Airbnb aimed to create a more holistic and enriching human experience for both travelers and hosts.
The Results:
Airbnb’s evolution beyond a simple booking platform has led to increased customer loyalty and a stronger brand identity. The introduction of “Experiences” has diversified their revenue streams and provided unique value to travelers seeking more than just a place to sleep. Their focus on trust and safety has been crucial for scaling their community globally. By considering the broader human needs and the wider impact of their platform, Airbnb has moved beyond providing a service to facilitating meaningful human experiences centered around travel and connection.
Key Insight: Truly holistic design considers the entire user journey and seeks to create meaningful connections and positive impact beyond the core functionality of a product or service.
Case Study 2: IDEO and the Redesign of the Hospital Experience
The Initial Challenge: Focusing on Clinical Efficiency
Traditional hospital design often prioritizes clinical efficiency and medical needs, sometimes at the expense of the patient’s emotional and psychological well-being. While UI/UX might apply to digital interfaces within the hospital, the overall patient experience can feel sterile, confusing, and disempowering.
A Human-Centered Approach to Service Design:
Design firm IDEO has worked with numerous healthcare organizations to redesign the entire hospital experience from a human-centered perspective. This goes far beyond the layout of rooms or the design of medical devices. They have focused on understanding the emotional journey of patients and their families, identifying pain points and opportunities for creating a more supportive and healing environment. This includes rethinking communication between staff and patients, improving wayfinding, creating more comfortable waiting areas, and even designing systems that empower patients to have more control over their care. Their approach considers all touchpoints, both physical and digital, to create a cohesive and empathetic experience.
The Results:
IDEO’s holistic design approach in healthcare has led to significant improvements in patient satisfaction, reduced anxiety, and even better clinical outcomes. By focusing on the emotional and psychological needs of patients, they have transformed the hospital experience from a purely clinical one to a more human and supportive one. Their work demonstrates that truly impactful design considers the entire service ecosystem and aims to create positive experiences for all stakeholders, not just the direct users of a specific interface. This comprehensive approach recognizes that healing involves more than just medical treatment; it also requires emotional support and a sense of well-being.
Key Insight: Holistic human experience design in complex service environments like healthcare requires mapping the entire journey and addressing emotional, physical, and informational needs across all touchpoints.
Moving Towards a More Human-Centered Future
As we continue to innovate here in America and beyond, it’s crucial that we broaden our definition of design to encompass the full spectrum of human experience. By moving beyond a narrow focus on UI/UX and embracing a more holistic, human-centered approach, we can create products, services, and systems that not only are usable and aesthetically pleasing but also contribute to emotional well-being, ethical considerations, accessibility, and a sustainable future. The true power of design lies in its ability to shape not just interfaces, but entire human experiences that are both meaningful and beneficial in the long run. It’s time to design for humanity, in its fullest sense.
Extra Extra: Futurology is not fortune telling. Futurists use a scientific approach to create their deliverables, but a methodology and tools like those in FutureHacking™ can empower anyone to engage in futurology themselves.
Image credit: Unsplash
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The rise of artificial intelligence is no longer a futuristic fantasy; it’s a present-day reality reshaping our workplaces. However, the narrative often focuses on AI replacing human jobs. As a human-centered innovation thought leader, I believe the true power of AI lies not in substitution, but in synergy. The future of work is not human versus AI, but human with AI, collaborating in seamless workflows that leverage the unique strengths of both. Designing for this collaboration is the next great frontier of innovation.
The fear of automation is understandable, but it overlooks a critical point: AI excels at tasks that are often repetitive, data-intensive, and rule-based. Humans, on the other hand, bring creativity, critical thinking, emotional intelligence, and the ability to handle ambiguity and novel situations. The sweet spot lies in designing workflows where AI augments human capabilities, freeing us from mundane tasks and empowering us to focus on higher-level strategic thinking, innovation, and human connection. This requires a fundamental shift in how we design work, moving away from a purely task-oriented approach to one that emphasizes collaboration and shared intelligence.
Building seamless human-AI workflows is a human-centered design challenge. It demands that we deeply understand the needs, skills, and workflows of human workers and then thoughtfully integrate AI tools in a way that enhances their capabilities and improves their experience. This involves:
Identifying the Right Problems: Focusing AI on tasks that are truly draining human energy and preventing them from higher-value work. This means conducting thorough journey mapping and observational studies to pinpoint the most repetitive and tedious parts of a person’s workday. The goal is to eliminate friction, not just automate for automation’s sake.
Designing Intuitive Interfaces: Ensuring that AI tools are user-friendly and seamlessly integrated into existing workflows, minimizing the learning curve and maximizing adoption. The user should feel like the AI is a helpful partner, not a clunky, foreign piece of technology. The interaction should be conversational and natural.
Fostering Trust and Transparency: Making it clear how AI is making decisions and providing explanations when appropriate, building confidence in the technology. We must move away from “black box” algorithms and towards a model where humans understand the reasoning behind an AI’s suggestion, which is crucial for building trust and ensuring the human remains in control.
Defining Clear Roles and Responsibilities: Establishing a clear understanding of what tasks are best suited for humans and what tasks AI will handle, creating a harmonious division of labor. This requires ongoing communication and training to help people understand their new roles in a hybrid human-AI team. The human’s role should be elevated, not diminished.
Iterative Learning and Adaptation: Continuously monitoring the performance of human-AI workflows and making adjustments based on feedback and evolving needs. A human-AI workflow is not a static solution; it’s a dynamic system that requires continuous optimization based on both quantitative metrics and qualitative feedback from the people using it.
Case Study 1: Augmenting Customer Service with AI
The Challenge: Overwhelmed Human Agents and Long Wait Times
A large e-commerce company was struggling with an overwhelmed customer service department. Human agents were spending a significant amount of time answering repetitive questions and sifting through basic inquiries, leading to long wait times and frustrated customers. This was impacting customer satisfaction and agent morale, creating a vicious cycle of burnout and poor service.
The Human-AI Collaborative Solution:
Instead of simply replacing human agents with chatbots, the company implemented an AI-powered support system designed to augment human capabilities. An AI chatbot was deployed to handle frequently asked questions and provide instant answers to common issues, such as order status updates and password resets. However, when the AI encountered a complex or emotionally charged query, it seamlessly escalated the conversation to a human agent, providing the agent with a complete transcript of the interaction and relevant customer data, like past purchases and support history. The AI also assisted human agents by automatically summarizing past interactions and suggesting relevant knowledge base articles, allowing them to resolve issues more quickly and efficiently. The human agent’s role shifted from being a frontline information desk to a skilled problem-solver and relationship builder.
The Results:
The implementation of this human-AI collaborative workflow led to a significant reduction in average wait times (by over 30%) and a noticeable improvement in customer satisfaction scores. Human agents were freed from the burden of repetitive tasks, allowing them to focus on more complex and nuanced customer issues, leading to higher job satisfaction and lower burnout rates. The AI provided efficiency and speed, while the human agents provided empathy and creative problem-solving skills that the AI couldn’t replicate. The result was a superior customer service experience that leveraged the strengths of both humans and AI, creating a powerful synergy that improved the entire customer journey.
Key Insight: AI can significantly improve customer service by handling routine inquiries, freeing up human agents to focus on complex issues and build stronger customer relationships.
Case Study 2: Empowering Medical Professionals with AI-Driven Diagnostics
The Challenge: Improving Diagnostic Accuracy and Efficiency
Radiologists in a major hospital were facing an increasing workload, struggling to analyze a high volume of medical images (X-rays, MRIs, CT scans) while maintaining accuracy and minimizing diagnostic errors. This was a demanding and pressure-filled environment where human fatigue could lead to oversights with potentially serious consequences for patients. The backlog of images was growing, and the time a radiologist could spend on each case was shrinking.
The Human-AI Collaborative Solution:
The hospital integrated AI-powered diagnostic tools into the radiologists’ workflow. These AI algorithms were trained on vast datasets of medical images to identify subtle anomalies and patterns that might be difficult for the human eye to detect, acting as a highly efficient “second pair of eyes.” For example, the AI would highlight a small nodule on a lung scan, prompting the radiologist to take a closer look. However, the AI did not replace the radiologist’s expertise. The AI provided suggestions and highlighted areas of concern, but the final diagnosis and treatment plan remained firmly in the hands of the human medical professional. The radiologist’s role evolved to one of critical judgment, combining their deep clinical knowledge with the AI’s data-processing power. The AI’s insights were presented in a clear, easy-to-understand interface, ensuring the radiologist could quickly integrate the information into their workflow without feeling overwhelmed.
The Results:
The implementation of AI-driven diagnostics led to a significant improvement in diagnostic accuracy (reducing false negatives by 15%) and a reduction in the time it took to analyze medical images. Radiologists reported feeling more confident in their diagnoses and experienced reduced levels of cognitive fatigue. The AI’s ability to process large amounts of data quickly and identify subtle patterns complemented the human radiologist’s clinical judgment and contextual understanding. This collaborative workflow enhanced the efficiency and accuracy of the diagnostic process, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes and a more sustainable workload for medical professionals. The innovation wasn’t in the AI alone, but in the thoughtful design of the human-AI partnership.
Key Insight: AI can be a powerful tool for augmenting the capabilities of medical professionals, improving diagnostic accuracy and efficiency while preserving the crucial role of human expertise and judgment.
The Human-Centered Future of Work
The examples above highlight the immense potential of designing for seamless human-AI collaboration. The key is to approach AI not as a replacement for human workers, but as a powerful partner that can amplify our abilities and allow us to focus on what truly makes us human: our creativity, our empathy, and our capacity for complex problem-solving. As we continue to integrate AI into our workflows, it is crucial that we maintain a human-centered perspective, ensuring that these technologies are designed to empower and enhance the human experience, leading to more productive, fulfilling, and innovative ways of working. The future of work is collaborative, and it’s up to us to design it thoughtfully and ethically.
Extra Extra: Futurology is not fortune telling. Futurists use a scientific approach to create their deliverables, but a methodology and tools like those in FutureHacking™ can empower anyone to engage in futurology themselves.
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