I recently listened to a podcast in which the speaker talked about his hike to Machu Picchu. He spoke about the difficulty of the hike and the moments when his confidence wavered. “But ultimately,” he said, “I was so compelled and pulled onward by the opportunity to see such a wonder, that I was able to push through.”
That was not my experience.
Many years ago, I did the same hike (in three days instead of four due to a scheduling error). And at no time did a feel “compelled and pulled onward.” In fact, about halfway through the first day’s hike, I had a complete meltdown in the middle of a beautiful grove of flowering trees. Luckily, I was so far behind the rest of my group that only my guide saw and heard the half-hour, expletive-laden beating of walking sticks against trees as I accused him of leading us to our deaths.
A few hours later, we reached our camp and the sherpas gave me tea and popcorn as they prepared dinner. I don’t know what was in the tea, but I felt much better after a cup and was grateful that a steady supply was offered throughout the next two days.
WHY you start matters
It was not the “opportunity to see such a wonder” that put me on the path. It was FOMO (fear of missing out), knowing that my friends were going on an adventure and not wanting to miss out.
Opportunity or FOMO. One of those is at the start of every journey and steels your mindset for the work ahead. If you see opportunity, you’re optimistic, resilient, and maybe even a bit idealistic. If you’re afraid, you rush through things, missing important signals and only seeing how far behind you are.
Companies do the same thing with innovation. They see a new technology, trend, or framework appear, sense an opportunity to use it to kickstart growth and leapfrog competition, and they start building. Or they see a new business model or competitor gain share and rush to mimic their approach.
WHAT you choose along the way determines how you end
It wasn’t “knowing where my journey was going, and what the journey was all about” that kept me moving forward. It was the knowledge that, unless I planned to join one of the Indigenous communities we passed through, I had to keep going.
No matter how you start, you will face a choice – continue, stay, or turn back – and that choice determines how your journey ends. If you turn back to the old ways because the new ways failed, you’re giving up. If you stay where you are, you’re stuck somewhere between the safety of what you knew and the opportunity ahead. If you keep going, you’ll stay ahead of those you never started, turned back, or stopped AND you’ll achieve the opportunity that “compelled and pulled [you] onward.”
Companies face the same decision moment with innovation. There’s a market downturn, geopolitical uncertainty, or a major global event, so executives shut down anything that’s not mission-critical while they wait out the uncertainty. A new leader takes the helm and wants to put her mark on the organization, so she rejects the old strategies and approaches and institutes her own, ignoring the counsel of others in the organization. A new competitor suddenly finds itself embroiled in controversy or bankruptcy, and executives chuckle and shake their heads because they knew all along that the only way that works is the old way.
What do you choose?
Do you start because you see the opportunity to do better or because you’re afraid of losing out?
When you face the inevitable challenge, do you turn back to “how we’ve always done things,” take up residence where you are because it’s good enough, or do you bravely persevere?
Most importantly, when you face the challenge, do you take a break, talk and listen to the people around you, and have some tea and popcorn before you make your choice?
Image credit: Pexels
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Most leaders know teamwork matters. But few take the time to study what actually makes teams work.
We rely on instinct, gut feel, or experience from past teams—good or bad—and assume it’ll all work out. But in today’s complex, collaborative, cross-functional world, those assumptions often lead us astray.
If you want to lead high-performing teams consistently, you need better inputs. And for me, some of the best inputs have come from books—not just books about leadership, but books specifically about teamwork. The kind that change how you think about team culture, team dynamics, and the actual work of working together.
These aren’t just good reads. They’re the best teamwork books I’ve found, presented in no particular order because this isn’t a ranking… it’s a resource.
📚 Best Teamwork Books
1. The Five Dysfunctions of a Team by Patrick Lencioni
Probably the first one you thought of too. This is a business fable that somehow nails real team dysfunctions with precision. Lencioni’s model—from lack of trust to inattention to results—offers a practical, memorable way to diagnose and address breakdowns. I’ve referenced this book with dozens of leaders because it gets past the surface and straight to the relational heart of team performance.
2. The Culture Code by Daniel Coyle
Coyle makes the case that talent alone doesn’t create great teams—culture does. He distills team culture into three key behaviors: build safety, share vulnerability, and establish purpose. What stood out to me is how much of team excellence is invisible, built in the small moments. It’s a great reminder that culture is less about slogans and more about habits.
3. Dream Teams by Shane Snow
This one turns a lot of conventional wisdom upside down. Shane Snow argues that the best teams aren’t the most harmonious—they’re the ones that learn how to disagree productively. With examples from science, sports, and even organized crime, he shows that friction (when handled well) makes teams smarter. A great read for leaders dealing with complexity and cognitive diversity.
4. Team of Teams by Stanley McChrystal
McChrystal’s story of transforming Joint Special Operations Command is a masterclass in breaking down silos. His team couldn’t win modern battles using traditional hierarchy. So they built a “team of teams” built on shared consciousness and empowered execution. It’s a great reminder that agility isn’t just for startups—it’s a requirement in any complex environment.
5. Collaboration by Morten Hansen
Here’s the uncomfortable truth: not all collaboration is good. Hansen shows that ineffective collaboration can actually make performance worse. His concept of disciplined collaboration—knowing when and how to collaborate—helped me see the difference between helpful alignment and wasted effort. Especially valuable for leaders in large or matrixed organizations.
6. Tribal Leadership by Dave Logan, John King & Halee Fischer-Wright
This book maps out five stages of team culture, from toxic to world-changing. What makes it stand out is the focus on language—how the words people use reveal the tribe they belong to and the performance they can unlock. It gave me a new lens for diagnosing team dynamics and helping leaders upgrade their team’s shared narrative.
7. Teaming by Amy Edmondson
Unlike most books that treat teams as fixed entities, Teaming focuses on teamwork as a dynamic, ever-evolving process. Edmondson shows how people must learn to collaborate quickly across boundaries, roles, and expertise areas—especially in fast-moving environments. It reframed for me how learning and collaboration go hand in hand, especially when teams are temporary or fluid.
8. Best Team Ever by David Burkus
Yes, it’s mine. But if you noticed, a lot of these other books are pretty old. They’ve stood the test of time, but research is always evolving. And so I wanted to understand what consistently sets high-performing teams apart—based on the latest evidence. What I found were three repeatable habits: common understanding, psychological safety, and prosocial purpose. Best Team Ever is a blueprint for building teams where people do their best work—and genuinely want to.
Final Thoughts
You don’t have to read every book on teams to lead a great one. But you do need to rethink how you approach teamwork—what you reward, what you reinforce, and how you respond when things go sideways. These are the best teamwork books that helped me do that. They changed how I build, lead, and coach teams—and they might do the same for you.
Because great teams aren’t just born.
They’re built — habit by habit, choice by choice, leader by leader.
Image credit: David Burkus
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In today’s fast-paced and increasingly digital world, people often find themselves feeling disconnected from others, both in the workplace and their personal lives. The rise of remote work, the constant bombardment of information on social media, and the divisiveness of politics have only exacerbated these feelings of isolation and detachment. This disconnection is not only detrimental to our well-being but also poses significant challenges for organizations seeking to foster a collaborative and innovative environment. Now, more than ever, we must recognize the importance of fostering connection and nurturing relationships at work to repair the fractures that have formed in our society.
“We are all so much together, but we are all dying of loneliness.”– Albert Schweitzer
By acknowledging the current state of disconnection and actively working to promote understanding, empathy, and collaboration, we can create a more inclusive and productive workplace that benefits everyone involved. In this article, we will explore the consequences of disconnection, the power of connection and understanding, and the role of facilitation in fostering these essential relationships.
The consequences of disconnection
Disconnection can be observed across various aspects of our society. In politics, the polarization of opinions and the entrenchment of viewpoints create a divide that prevents productive dialogue and collaboration. Social media platforms contribute to this divide by amplifying echo chambers, wherein individuals are exposed primarily to information that reinforces their pre-existing beliefs, further deepening the rift between differing perspectives.
Disconnection also permeates the workplace and organizational structures. Within companies, miscommunication, a lack of understanding, and unaddressed conflicts can create disconnects between individuals and teams, hindering progress and innovation. These consequences are not limited to large-scale issues; even seemingly minor incidents, like a disagreement over conference room usage, can cause lasting resentment and erode workplace relationships.
A striking example of the dangerous consequences of disconnection is the recent classified document leaks via Discord. The individual responsible for the breach was motivated by feelings of isolation and a desire for recognition. This act of cyber espionage demonstrates how disconnection and the need for validation can drive individuals to take extreme risks and engage in destructive behaviors.
The consequences of disconnection can even be observed at a cellular level. In a recent Rich Roll Podcast episode, Dr. Zach Bush discussed the origins of cancer originating from cellular disconnection in the human body. When cells become disconnected from one another, they may begin to malfunction and grow uncontrollably, resulting in cancer. This biological phenomenon parallels the societal consequences of disconnection, wherein isolation and detachment can lead to radicalization and unproductive behaviors.
“The eternal quest of the human being is to shatter his loneliness.”– Norman Cousins
The power of connection and understanding
By fostering connection and understanding, we can counter the negative consequences of disconnection and create an environment where growth and collaboration thrive. Research consistently shows that diverse teams perform at higher levels when united by a shared purpose and understanding. Embracing and engaging with different perspectives not only sharpens our own viewpoints but also allows us to innovate and produce better products, services, and solutions.
A sense of belonging and purpose is crucial in the workplace. Employees often cite the team and the people they work with as key factors in job satisfaction. By building genuine connections and strong relationships, employees become more invested in the organization’s mission and feel a deeper commitment to their work. This sense of purpose is amplified when colleagues are able to collaborate effectively, respect each other’s opinions, and find common ground despite their differences.
“Alone we can do so little; together we can do so much.”– Helen Keller
There is extensive evidence supporting the importance of connection and relating at work. For instance, a study published in the Harvard Business Review found that employees who reported feeling more connected at work were more likely to be engaged and productive while also demonstrating higher levels of well-being and job satisfaction (1). Furthermore, research has consistently shown that diverse teams perform at the highest levels thanks to their ability to generate innovative ideas and foster a culture of learning and growth (2).
Several books highlight the significance of connection and relating at work. In “Social: Why Our Brains Are Wired to Connect,” neuroscientist Matthew D. Lieberman explores the ways our brains are hardwired for social connection, emphasizing the importance of developing strong relationships in all aspects of our lives, including the workplace (3). Similarly, in “The Power of Moments: Why Certain Experiences Have Extraordinary Impact,” Chip and Dan Heath discuss how creating meaningful, memorable experiences can foster deeper connections among coworkers and lead to a more engaged and satisfied workforce (4).
Connection and understanding are also vital for creating healthier organizations. Employees who feel connected and supported are more likely to engage in productive behaviors, contribute positively to the workplace culture, and stay committed to the organization’s goals. As a result, fostering connection and understanding not only benefits the individuals involved but also the organization as a whole.
Real-life examples of connection and relationships
Facilitators and leaders play a crucial role in fostering connection, understanding, and relationships within organizations. Creating the conditions necessary for open dialogue and collaboration can bridge divides and encourage growth through diverse perspectives.
Elena Farden is a Voltage Control Certified Facilitator, and her work as the Executive Director (ED) for the Native Hawaiian Education Council provides a compelling example of fostering connection and relationship building. As the ED, she is responsible for advocating for resources and support for Native Hawaiian education: expanding indigenous voices at the federal level.
Elena Farden – Executive Director (ED) for the Native Hawaiian Education Council
One key aspect of her work is anchoring her vision in the connection to the land, with her entire portfolio serving as a metaphor for connection to land with sense of place. In a recent conversation, Elena shared an insightful quote about this connection: “Our connection to the land is the foundation of our identity and purpose. As we nurture this connection, we strengthen our relationships and responsibility to work together for the betterment of our community.”
Elena utilizes the ʻauwai, a Hawaiian irrigation system, as an approach to facilitation. She discussed how one part of the irrigation process involves tempering the water to avoid damaging the crops. This approach resonated with her as an analogy for addressing controversial topics in her work. Elena explained, “Just like the water tempering process, facilitation requires a gentle approach when dealing with sensitive issues. By creating a safe space for open dialogue, we allow for growth and understanding to emerge.”
In her role as the Executive Director, Elena has demonstrated the power of connection and relationships in driving positive change. She has gone to bat for the Native Hawaiian community, facing challenges and building connections between different stakeholders. Through her work, she has shown that fostering relationships and understanding are crucial elements in addressing complex issues and finding solutions that benefit everyone involved.
One of Elena’s most significant achievements has been creating opportunities for collaboration and dialogue between the indigenous community and the government. This has not only facilitated the allocation of resources for Native Hawaiian education but has also strengthened the ties between the two parties. In her words, “When we build connections and relationships with people from different backgrounds, we create a solid foundation for collaboration and understanding. This, in turn, leads to more effective solutions and a stronger sense of our collective responsibility to community.”
Elena’s story is a powerful testament to the importance of connection and relationships in both personal and professional settings. By nurturing these connections, we can create healthier organizations and communities where individuals feel supported, understood, and empowered to reach their full potential.
The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), established in 1995, serves as another powerful testament to the importance of connection and relating in the healing process of a nation. Born out of the wounds of apartheid, the TRC aimed to provide a platform for victims and perpetrators alike to share their experiences and confront the harrowing truth about the country’s violent past. As Archbishop Desmond Tutu, the chair of the TRC, famously stated, “Forgiving and being reconciled to our enemies or our loved ones is not about pretending that things are other than they are… It is about finding a way in which to accept that which happened as that which happened, and then to move beyond it and to be willing to develop a new relationship.”
Through a process of public hearings, amnesty applications, and reparations, the TRC fostered understanding, forgiveness, and, ultimately, reconciliation among South Africans. The public hearings were instrumental in giving voice to the voiceless and allowing individuals to share their stories in a supportive environment. As one survivor, Nomonde Calata, poignantly said during her testimony, “Now that I have told the story, I feel like a great burden has been lifted from my shoulders.”
Despite its achievements, the TRC’s work was not without its challenges and controversies. Critics argue that the commission failed to hold all perpetrators accountable and that the reparations provided were insufficient to address the deep-rooted inequalities that persist in South African society. Nevertheless, the TRC’s efforts showcase the power of human connection in repairing deep-seated divisions and fostering a sense of unity.
By offering a space for individuals to engage with diverse perspectives and confront difficult truths, the TRC played a crucial role in helping South Africa move toward a more inclusive and equitable future. It demonstrated that open dialogue, empathy, and understanding can help build bridges between communities and lay the groundwork for healing.
The lessons learned from the TRC can be applied to various contexts, including personal relationships, community initiatives, and corporate environments. By fostering a culture of open communication and empathetic listening, we can encourage understanding, bridge divides, and create more harmonious relationships both in our personal lives and in the workplace.
In the workplace, facilitators can apply these principles by creating an environment where employees feel safe to express their ideas, engage with diverse perspectives, and collaborate effectively. This can be achieved through active listening, encouraging empathy, and fostering an atmosphere of trust and respect.
“The most basic of all human needs is the need to understand and be understood. The best way to understand people is to listen to them.”– Ralph G. Nichols
Here are some tips for facilitators and leaders to foster connection and relationships at work:
Encourage open dialogue: Foster an environment where team members feel comfortable expressing their opinions and ideas, even if they differ from the majority. Set group agreements or commitments that ensure this openness. By encouraging open dialogue, we create opportunities for understanding and learning, which can lead to more informed decisions and innovative solutions.
Cultivate empathy: Make an effort to understand the perspectives and experiences of others, even if they’re different from our own. By practicing empathy, we can break down barriers, reduce prejudice, and build stronger connections with those around us.
Engage in community-building activities: Participate in initiatives that bring people together, both within your organization and your local community. This could include team-building events, volunteering, or joining local clubs or groups. These activities can help strengthen bonds between individuals and promote a sense of belonging.
Practice active listening: When engaging in conversations, make a conscious effort to truly hear and understand what the other person is saying without judgment or interruption. Active listening helps to build trust and rapport and can lead to deeper connections and more productive discussions.
Be mindful of the language we use: Words have power, and the language we choose to use can either build connection or create division. Be mindful of the words you use in your communication, and strive to choose language that is inclusive, respectful, and empathetic.
Embrace diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging: Make a conscious effort to create a diverse and inclusive environment where everyone feels valued and included, regardless of their background, beliefs, or perspectives. And lean into conversations and issues of identity, power, privilege, and justice. By embracing these approaches, we can benefit from the rich tapestry of ideas and experiences that each individual brings to the table and create a culture where all team members belong.
The Importance of Connection and Relationships
The importance of connection and relationships at work cannot be ignored. By recognizing the negative consequences of disconnection and actively working to foster understanding, empathy, and collaboration, we can create a more inclusive and productive workplace that benefits everyone involved.
Facilitators and leaders play a critical role in promoting connection and relationships within organizations. By applying principles of empathy, active listening, and trust, they can bridge divides and encourage a culture of collaboration and growth.
As we continue to navigate an increasingly complex and interconnected world, nurturing connection and understanding at work is essential for building healthier organizations, driving innovation, and creating a more inclusive society.
“Connection is the energy that exists between people when they feel seen, heard, and valued; when they can give and receive without judgment; and when they derive sustenance and strength from the relationship.”– Brené Brown
As we move forward, it’s essential to prioritize connection and relationships at work. Reflect on your own experiences and consider the ways in which you can nurture stronger connections and understanding within your organization. Remember, you have the power to create a positive impact on your team and the overall work environment.
Consider the following steps as you work towards fostering connection and relationships:
Assess your current work environment: Identify areas where you can promote understanding, empathy, and collaboration.
Engage in open dialogue: Encourage open and honest conversations about the importance of connection and relationships within your team.
Seek opportunities for growth: Look for ways to learn from diverse perspectives and foster personal and professional growth for yourself and your team members.
Share your experiences: Share your own experiences of connection and understanding with others, and learn from their stories as well.
Stay committed to the process: Building and maintaining strong connections and relationships takes time and effort. Stay committed to the process and recognize that growth and understanding may not happen overnight.
By actively working to build connection and relationships at work, we can create healthier organizations, foster innovation, and contribute to a more inclusive and equitable society.
Let’s make a conscious effort to prioritize connection, empathy, and collaboration in our workplaces and beyond.
Image Credits: Unsplash, Voltage Control, Elena Farden
HINT: It has something to do with strategy execution
GUEST POST from Robyn Bolton
We are three full weeks into the new year and I am curious, how is the strategy and operating plan you spent all Q3 and Q4 working on progressing? You nailed it, right? Everything is just as you expected and things are moving forward just as you planned.
I didn’t think so.
So, like many others, you feel tempted to double down on what worked before or chase every opportunity with the hope that it will “future-proof” your business.
Stop.
Remember the Cheshire Cat, “If you don’t know where you’re going, any road will get you there.”
You DO know where you’re going because your goals didn’t change. You still need to grow revenue and cut costs with fewer resources than last year.
The map changed. So you need to find a new road.
You’re not going to find it by looking at old playbooks or by following every path available.
You will find it by following these three steps (and don’t require months or millions to complete).
Return to First Principles
When old maps fail and new roads are uncertain, the most successful leaders return to first principles, the fundamental, irreducible truths of a subject:
Organizations are systems
Systems seek equilibrium and resist change when elements are misaligned
People in the system do what the system allows, models, and rewards
Returning to these principles is the root of success because it forces you to pause and ask the right questions before (re)acting.
Ask Questions to Find the Root Cause
Based on the first principles, think of your organization as a lock. All the tumblers need to align to unlock the organization’s potential to get to where you need to go. When the tumblers don’t align, you stay stuck in the dying status quo.
Every organization has three tumblers – Architecture (how you’re organized), Behavior (what leaders actually do), and Culture (what gets rewarded) – that must align to develop and execute a strategy in an environment of uncertainty and constant change.
But ensuring that you’ve aligned all three tumblers, and not just one or two, requires asking questions to get to the root cause of the challenges.
Is your leadership team struggling to align on a decision because they don’t have enough data or can’t agree on what it means? The Behavior and Culture tumblers are misaligned with the structure and incentives of Architecture
Are people resisting the new AI tools you rolled out? Architectural incentives and metrics, and leadership communications and behaviors are preventing buy-in.
Struggling to squeeze growth out of a stagnant business? Structures and systems combined with organization culture are reinforcing safety and a fixed mindset rather than encouraging curiosity and learning.
Align the Tumblers
When you diagnose the root causes you find the misaligned tumbler. And, in the process of bringing it into alignment, it will likely pull the others in, too.
By role modeling leadership behaviors that encourage transparent communication (no hiding behind buzzwords), quantifying confidence, and smart risk taking, you’ll also influence culture and may reveal a needed change in Architecture.
Modifying the metrics and rewards in Architecture and making sure that your communications and behavior encourage buy-in to new AI tools, will start to establish an AI-friendly culture.
Overhauling Architecture to encourage and reward actions that expand that stagnant business into new markets or brings new solutions to your existing customers, will build new leadership Behaviors will drive culture change.
Get to your Goals
It’s a VUCA/BANI world AND It’s only going to accelerate. That means that the strategy you developed last quarter and the operational plans you set last month will be obsolete by the end of the week.
But the strategy and the plan were never the goal. They were the road you planned based on the map you had. When the map changes, the road does, too. But you can still get to the goal if you’re willing to fiddle with a lock.
Image credit: Pixabay
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Top X Lists are about big things, events that affect everyone or that will be remembered for decades. And while those Macro-moments are what stand out in our memories, they rarely define our everyday existence.
What are Micro-moments?
I first heard of Micro-moments in an interview between Dan Shipper, founder of Every, and Henrik Werdelin, founder of Prehype (an incubator that helped launch Barkbox and Ro Health). According to Werdelin:
Micro-moments for me are things when I’m in flow and things where I’m happy. It can’t be a big thing like having a family. It has to be a very concrete things like I like walking over the Brooklyn Bridge in the morning. It’s just something I get profoundly happy about, right? Or I like being in brainstorm meetings with (other entrepreneurs).
But his list of Micro-moments isn’t just a new-age happiness manifestation, it’s an actual decision-making tool. Werdelin explains:
I was basically trying to figure out what to do next and I was keeping all my options open. I got offered a job to run BBC Digital on the international side and then I got offered a job at a design agency called Wolf Collins who had an incredible CEO.
And so, I ended up having these 30 concrete [moments] where I’ve done stuff and then I started to use that as a way to measure options that would be thrown at me. The BBC sounded like it would be a lot of money, and it was like a cool job, and it would give me, I guess, self-esteem for a second. But then when I looked at what it would entail, none of the Micro-moments would be included so I was like, “ah, probably not for me.”
My first Micro-reactions
Eye roll: Thank goodness you had a list of Micro-moments so you could avoid the soul sucking horror of running BBC Digital!
Righteous indignation: Do you have any idea how hard it is out there to find a job? People would be thrilled to have a job that delivers only ONE Micro-moment of happiness?!
Breathe: Wait a second. What if Mico-moments don’t determine your role. What if Micro-moments…perhaps…mean a little bit more! (yes, that is a terrible rephrasing of the Grinch’s epiphany)
Micro-moments are more than moments of flow and joy. They’re the moments that make up our lives, relationships, and view of the world. They’re the moments that should be on our Top 10 lists but too often get crowded out by noisier, bigger moments.
They’re also things we can create, design for, and sometimes even control.
What are YOUR Micro-moments?
As the period of end-of-year reflection approaches, think about your Micro-moments. What small, concrete moments that brought you flow, joy, or peace, this year? Where were you? What were you doing? Who were you with? Jot them down.
When the new year dawns, go back to your list and get curious. What are the common themes, people, places, and activities in your Micro-moments. Write down what you notice.
As the year kicks into gear and everyone settles back into work and school routines, return to your list and start planning. How might you create more Micro-moments?
Life is made up of moments. Many of them are beyond our control. But some of them aren’t. And wouldn’t it be great to know which ones make us happiest so we can experience them more often?
Image credit: Pexels
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In times of great uncertainty, we seek safety. But what does “safety” look like?
What We Say: Safety = Data
We tend to believe that we are rational beings and, as a result, we rely on data to make decisions.
Great! We’ve got lots of data from lots of uncertain periods. HBR examined 4,700 public companies during three global recessions (1980, 1990, and 2000). They found that the companies that emerged “outperforming rivals in their industry by at least 10% in terms of sales and profits growth” had one thing in common: They aggressively made cuts to improve operational efficiency and ruthlessly invested in marketing, R&D, and building new assets to better serve customers have the highest probability of emerging as markets leaders post-recession.
This research was backed up in 2020 in a McKinsey study that found that “Organizations that maintained their innovation focus through the 2009 financial crisis, for example, emerged stronger, outperforming the market average by more than 30 percent and continuing to deliver accelerated growth over the subsequent three to five years.”
What We Do: Safety = Hoarding
The reality is that we are human beings and, as a result, make decisions based on how we feel and the use data to justify those decisions.
How else do you explain that despite the data, only 9% of companies took the balanced approach recommended in the HBR study and, ten years later, only 25% of the companies studied by McKinsey stated that “capturing new growth” was a top priority coming out of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Uncertainty is scary so, as individuals and as organizations, we scramble to secure scarce resources, cut anything that feels extraneous, and shift or focus to survival.
What now? AND, not OR
What was true in 2010 is still true today andnew research from Bain offers practical advice for how leaders can follow both their hearts and their heads.
Implement systems to protect you from yourself. Bain studied Fast Company’s 50 Most Innovative Companies and found that 79% use two different operating models for innovation to combat executives’ natural risk aversion. The first, for sustaining innovation uses traditional stage-gate models, seeks input from experts and existing customers, and is evaluated on ROI-driven metrics.
The second, for breakthrough innovations, is designed to embrace and manage uncertainty by learning from new customers and emerging trends, working with speed and agility, engaging non-traditional collaborators, and evaluating projects based on their long-term potential and strategic option value.
Don’t outspend. Out-allocate. Supporting the two-system approach, nearly half of the companies studied send less on R&D than their peers overall and spend it differently: 39% of their R&D budgets to sustaining innovations and 61% to expanding into new categories or business models.
Use AI to accelerate, not create. Companies integrating AI into innovation processes have seen design-to-launch timelines shrink by 20% or more. The key word there is “integrate,” not outsource. They use AI for data and trend analysis, rapid prototyping, and automating repetitive tasks. But they still rely on humans for original thinking, intuition-based decisions, and genuine customer empathy.
Prioritize humans above all else. Even though all the information in the world is at our fingerprints, humans remain unknowable, unpredictable, and wonderfully weird. That’s why successful companies use AI to enhance, not replace, direct engagement with customers. They use synthetic personas as a rehearsal space for brainstorming, designing research, and concept testing. But they also know there is no replacement (yet) for human-to-human interaction, especially when creating new offerings and business models.
In times of create uncertainty, we seek safety. But safety doesn’t guarantee certainty. Nothing does. So, the safest thing we can do is learn from the past, prepare (not plan) for the future, make the best decisions possible based on what we know and feel today, and stay open to changing them tomorrow.
Image credit: Pexels
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“It just popped up one day. Who knows how long they worked on it or how many of millions were spent. They told us to think of it as ChatGPT but trained on everything our company has ever done so we can ask it anything and get an answer immediately.”
The words my client was using to describe her company’s new AI Chatbot made it sound like a miracle. Her tone said something else completely.
“It sounds helpful,” I offered. “Have you tried it?”
“I’m not training my replacement! And I’m not going to train my R&D, Supply Chain, Customer Insights, or Finance colleagues’ replacements either. And I’m not alone. I don’t think anyone’s using it because the company just announced they’re tracking usage and, if we don’t use it daily, that will be reflected in our performance reviews.”
All I could do was sigh. The Underpants Gnomes have struck again.
Who are the Underpants Gnomes?
The Underpants Gnomes are the stars of a 1998 South Park episode described by media critic Paul Cantor as, “the most fully developed defense of capitalism ever produced.”
Claiming to be business experts, the Underpants Gnomes sneak into South Park residents’ homes every night and steal their underpants. When confronted by the boy in their underground lair, the Gnomes explain their business plan:
Collect underpants
?
Profit
It was meant as satire.
Some took it as a an abbreviated MBA.
How to Spot the Underpants AI Gnomes
As the AI hype grows, fueling executive FOMO (Fear of Missing Out), the Underpants Gnomes, cleverly disguised as experts, entrepreneurs and consultants, saw their opportunity.
Sell AI
?
Profit
While they’ve pivoted their business focus, they haven’t improved their operations so the Underpants AI Gnomes as still easy to spot:
Investment without Intention: Is your company investing in AI because it’s “essential to future-proofing the business?” That sounds good but if your company can’t explain the future it’s proofing itself against and how AI builds a moat or a life preserver in that future, it’s a sign that the Gnomes are in the building.
Switches, not Solutions: If your company thinks that AI adoption is as “easy as turning on Copilot” or “installing a custom GPT chatbot, the Gnomes are gaining traction. AI is a tool and you need to teach people how to use tools, build processes to support the change, and demonstrate the benefit.
Activity without Achievement: When MIT published research indicating that 95% of corporate Gen AI pilots were failing, it was a sign of just how deeply the Gnomes have infiltrated companies. Experiments are essential at the start of any new venture but only useful if they generate replicable and scalable learning.
How to defend against the AI Gnomes
Odds are the gnomes are already in your company. But fear not, you can still turn “Phase 2:?” into something that actually leads to “Phase 3: Profit.”
Start with the end in mind: Be specific about the outcome you are trying to achieve. The answer should be agnostic of AI and tied to business goals.
Design with people at the center: Achieving your desired outcomes requires rethinking and redesigning existing processes. Strategic creativity like that requires combining people, processes, and technology to achieve and embed.
Develop with discipline: Just because you can (run a pilot, sign up for a free trial), doesn’t mean you should. Small-scale experiments require the same degree of discipline as multi-million-dollar digital transformations. So, if you can’t articulate what you need to learn and how it contributes to the bigger goal, move on.
AI, in all its forms, is here to stay. But the same doesn’t have to be true for the AI Gnomes.
Have you spotted the Gnomes in your company?
Image credit: AI Underpants Gnomes (just kidding, Google Gemini made the image)
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I can’t believe that I’m writing this. Honestly, I can’t believe I’m even thinking this. I’m an open-minded person, but I truly never thought that anything would ever change my mind on this topic. And yet, I must confess that I’ve come to the conclusion that…
(deep breath)
Innovation Theater is important.
(Sorry, needed a minute to recover. It’s one thing to think something. It’s another to see it in writing.)
Why We All Hate(d) Innovation Theater.
The term “Innovation Theater” was coined by Steve Blank in a 2019 HBR article to describe innovation activities like hackathons, shark tanks, and workshops that “shape and build culture, but they don’t win wars, and they rarely deliver shippable/deployable product.”
The name stuck because it gave the Innovation Industrial Complex a perfect scapegoat. Innovation efforts weren’t producing results because companies were turning real strategy into theater—events that could be delegated and scheduled instead of the courage, commitment, and willingness to change that actual innovation requires.
And in many cases, this criticism was warranted.
But in our rush to dismiss Innovation Theater, we missed something important.
What I (Almost) Missed.
Recently, I visited a company’s Innovation Center, curious to see what ten years of innovation investments and two floors in a downtown high-rise had produced.
The answer was a framework to think more deeply about equity and inclusion. My immediate reaction was rage. A decade of investments for this? Millions of dollars spent on the very definition of Innovation Theater? And they’re bragging about it?!?
Once the rage subsided, something remained. Something that I couldn’t shake. An inkling that I had missed something. That inkling became the realization that I was wrong.
Over the past five years, the framework had been used in carefully curated workshops to help teams across the organization see things they had previously overlooked, understand topics that were sensitive or taboo, and envision solutions that no one their heavily regulated industry had even considered.
Not every workshop resulted in action. But over time, something shifted.
Seasons. Not Shows.
Repetition created a shared language. Multiple touchpoints built permission. Small success stories accumulated to make risk feel manageable. The workshops didn’t send off isolated sparks of innovation. They built the conditions where acting on new ideas became progressively safer and more normal.
And after several seasons, enduring value was created. The company now enjoys the highest retention rate of customers in its industry and has attracted more new customers than all its competitors combined. A decade of “Innovation Theater” delivered exactly what innovation is supposed to deliver: measurable competitive advantage and revenue growth.
Don’t Cancel Your Next Innovation Event.
The problem isn’t Innovation Theater itself. It’s how we practice it.
A one-off hackathon? Theater. An annual workshop? Theater. But sustained investment over years, touching dozens of teams, building shared language and accumulated proof points? That’s a strategic bet on transformation that creates lasting competitive advantage.
The question isn’t whether Innovation Theater works. It’s whether you’re willing to commit to the season, not just the show. Are you prepared to invest consistently, measure differently, and wait for compounding effects that won’t show up in next quarter’s results?
Because when you commit to the season, not just the show, it’s the most strategic bet you can make.
Image credit: Pexels
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One of my most potent memories from my career in organizational learning and development was the power of play as an effective adult learning method during a “Money and You” workshop with Robert Kiyosaki, the author of Rich Dad, Poor Dad.
It was a business game called “Win as Much as You Can”, also known now as the “XY Game”. The game involved forming four teams of two players, who alternated scoring across four rounds by choosing to throw either X or Y. The scoring process was the key to unlocking and understanding the game’s impact; if your team kept throwing X’s, you were awarded a significant number of points, enabling you to win as much as you could.
The scoring process subtly shifted in round eight, when the key to winning the game was for all four teams to throw Ys, yet not all teams did!
Because we were all unconsciously stuck in a competitive win-or-lose mindset, aiming to win as much as we could rather than adopting an approach where everyone could win, or being collaborative and playing a win-win game.
It was a moment of deep shame for me when I was announced the winner of my small group of eight players — a deeply impactful moment I have never forgotten, because for me to win, the other seven players had to lose, and they weren’t happy about losing.
Critical Foundational 21st Century Skills
These key lessons are encapsulated in my latest innovative co-creation – The Start-Up Game™. This hybrid board game combines experiential learning with achievement and competitive elements. It features an AI learning component that teaches critical foundational skills—collaboration, mathematical thinking, and adaptability —essential for both individuals and companies in a fast-changing AI world. As technical complexity rises, the glue that keeps talent productive is social skill—communication, empathy, conflict resolution, and the ability to coordinate diverse expertise. In addition to social skills, other fundamental capabilities — such as critical thinking, complex problem-solving, and reasoning — are crucial components of a dynamic, collective work environment in the modern enterprise. Together, they offer a shared platform that unlocks the full value of individuals’ specialized know-how, enables adaptation and innovation as technology and markets shift, and is increasingly in demand.
Games as Metaphors for Real Life
Since games are often metaphors for real life, I have spent many years shifting from the win/lose competitive mindset and way of being I grew up with to recognize the value of experimentation and co-operation, and to understand what it means to be truly collaborative.
Adults Learn by Doing
With the ongoing war for our attention, time scarcity, our increasing reliance on mobile devices, and the seductive nature of AI and TikTok as sources of knowledge and information, we have largely forgotten the importance of developing these foundational skills, especially in a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous world.
All adults can learn these skills through harnessing the power of play.
Play is essential for developing our emotional and cognitive functions and fostering stronger social connections. In organizational learning and development, experiential learning involves gaining knowledge through direct experience and deep reflection, rather than just passive observation, like simply watching a learning video. It is a highly effective adult learning method that allows participants to link theoretical concepts with practical, on-the-job applications.
This approach involves active engagement in simulated real-world scenarios and:
Requires critical reflection on the experience to develop new states, traits, mindsets, behaviors, and skills.
Helps players increase self-awareness and gain a clearer understanding of how their mindsets and behaviors influence the people and teams they lead or interact with.
The Power of Play
Because focused, structured and intentional play, in the context of experiential learning, can:
Stimulate players’ curiosity, imagination and creativity.
Help players shift their emotional states, mindsets and behaviors.
Develop players’ emotional and cognitive agility.
Enhance players’ decision-making and problem-solving skills.
Improve leadership and team effectiveness.
Build players’ courage, boldness, bravery and resilience.
Reduce players’ stress levels by providing a safe space for improvisation and a break from business-as-usual responsibilities and habits.
Engaging in experiential learning activities, such as structured business games, boosts brain function, improves emotional regulation and self-management, encourages experimentation, and builds and strengthens constructive collaborative relationships with others.
In organizations, the power of play can be structured to boost players’ skills in key areas crucial to 21st-century success, including accepting responsibility, building trust, being accountable, communication, teaming, innovation, entrepreneurship, intrapreneurship, and achievement, resulting in overall performance improvements.
The Start-Up Game™ Leverages the Power of Play
The Start-Up Game™ engages and encourages players to think and act differently by safely experimenting with language, key mindsets, behaviors, and the creative and critical thinking, decision-making, and problem-solving skills used by successful intrapreneurs, entrepreneurs, and innovators.
It enables players to develop critical social, emotional, and cognitive mindsets, behaviors and skills that are the crucial components of a dynamic, collective work environment in the modern enterprise.
Create an environment of permission, safety, and trust, giving people agency and autonomy to learn through play and experimentation, and allowing them to learn from mistakes and failures.
Encourage people to “learn by doing and reflecting” to stretch their thinking by shifting business-as-usual mindsets and behaviors, to push the envelope by developing new 21st-century mental maps, behavioral deviations, and crucial new skills in critical and creative thinking and acting that result in smart risk-taking, intelligent decision-making, and innovative problem-solving.
Commit to building an organizational or team culture that promotes continuous learning at a pace faster than the competition.
Encourage people to develop a regular reflective practice to harness their collective capacity to create, invent, and innovate by establishing a set of habitual reflective practices.
We are living in an age when technical expertise can become irrelevant in just a few years; foundational skills matter more than ever. Adopting an experiential learning approach to Innovation enables people to be agile and adaptive, to develop creative and critical thinking skills, to collaborate, and to sense, see, and solve complex problems, thereby thriving in a constantly evolving environment.
Please find out more about our work at ImagineNation™. Discover our collective learning products and tools, including The Coach for Innovators, Leaders, and Teams Certified Program, presented by Janet Sernack. It is a collaborative, intimate, and profoundly personalized innovation coaching and learning program supported by a global group of peers over nine weeks. It can be customized as a bespoke corporate learning program. It is a blended and transformational change and learning program that provides a deep understanding of the language, principles, and applications of an ecosystem-focused, human-centric approach and emergent structure (Theory U) to innovation. It will also up-skill people and teams, developing their future fitness within your unique innovation context.
Image Credit: 1 of 1,000+ quote slides for your meetings and presentations available at http://misterinnovation.com
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Here’s what they’re all telling you: If you’re playing it safe, stuck in analysis paralysis, not innovating fast enough, or not making bold moves, then you are the problem because you lack courage.
Here’s what they’re not telling you: You don’t have a courage problem. You have a systems problem.
The Real Story Behind “Courage Gaps”
The VP was anything but cowardly. She had a track record of bold moves and wasn’t afraid of hard conversations. The CEO wanted to transform the company by moving from a product-only focus to one offering holistic solutions that combined hardware, software, and services. This VP was the obvious choice.
Her team came to her with a ideas that would reposition the company for long-term growth. She loved it. They tested the ideas. Customers loved them. But not a single one ever launched.
It wasn’t because the VP or the CEO lacked courage. It was because the board measured success in annual improvements, the CEO’s compensation structure rewarded short-term performance, and the VP required sign-off from six different stakeholders who were evaluated on risk mitigation. At every level, the system was designed to kill bold ideas. And it worked.
This is the inconvenient truth the courage press ignores.
That success doesn’t just require leaders who are courageous, it requires organizational architecture that systematically rewards courage and manages risk.
What We’re Really Asking Leaders to Overcome
Consider what we’re actually asking leaders to be courageous against:
Compensation structures tied to short-term metrics
Risk management processes designed to say “no”
Approval hierarchies where one skeptic can overrule ten enthusiasts
Cultures where failed experiments end careers
The courage discourse lets broken systems off the hook.
It’s easier to sell “10 Ways to Build Leadership Courage” than to admit that organizational incentives, governance structures, and cultural norms are actively working against the bold moves we tell leaders to make.
What Actually Enables Courageous Leadership.
I’m not arguing that there isn’t a need for individual courage. There is.
But telling someone to “be braver” when their organizational architecture punishes bravery is like telling someone to swim faster in a pool filled with Jell-O.
If we want courage, we need to fix the things the systems that discourage it:
Align incentives with the time horizon of the decisions you want made
Create explicit permission structures for experimentation
Build decision-making processes that don’t require unanimous consent
Separate “learning investments” from “performance expectations” when measuring results
Make the criteria for bold moves clear, not subject to whoever’s in the room
But doing this is a lot harder than buying books about courage.
The Bottom Line
When you fix the architecture, you don’t need to constantly remind people to be brave because the system enables. Individual courage becomes the expectation, not the exception.
The real question isn’t whether your leaders need courage.
It’s whether your organization has the architecture to let them use it.
If you can’t answer that question, that’s not a courage problem.
That’s a design problem.
And design is something that, as a leader, you can actually control.
Image credit: Unsplash
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