Tag Archives: innovators

Why Are Many of the Best Innovators Failing?

Why Are Many of the Best Innovators Failing?

GUEST POST from Robert B. Tucker

Crypto enterprenuer Sam Bankman-Fried was convicted on seven counts of fraud and conspiracy and may now face 110 years in prison when sentenced in 2024.

Meanwhile, in Texas, Theranos founder Elizabeth Holmes has begun serving an 11-year sentence for making false claims to investors about blood-testing devices that could supposedly detect “hundreds of diseases with just a few drops of blood.” The trial showed they could not reliably detect a single one.

And just this week, office space-sharing pioneer Adam Neumann’s brainchild, WeWork, declared bankruptcy.

Everywhere you look these days, formerly high-flying innovators seem to be falling out of the sky and crashing to earth. Even Elon Musk.

Two years ago, Musk was flying high. He was Time’s Man of the Year and Forbes named him the richest person on the planet. But his 2022 purchase of Twitter has become a financial and reputational nightmare. His antics have destroyed billions of dollars in shareholder value, alienated advertisers, and driven away users in droves.

Yet it would be a mistake to conflate Musk’s fall with Holmes or Bankman Fried. Musk is the real deal, the genuine article, and they are not.

The pre-Twitter Elon Musk who shines through the pages of Walter Isaacson’s biography of Musk deserves study by would-be innovators everywhere. Isaacson takes the reader behind the scenes and into Musk’s brain and bullied background growing up with a conspiracy-crazed father in South Africa. Isaccson, who has written biographies of Steve Jobs, Ben Franklin, Albert Einstein, and Leonardo Da Vinci, reveals how Musk was able to disrupt every industry he’s entered: money transfer with PayPal, renewable energy with SolarCity, electric vehicles and batteries with Tesla, and space entrepreneurship with SpaceX.

Isaacson tells the emblematic story of Musk in late 2018, sitting at his desk playing with a small toy version of the Tesla Model S. Examining the toy he noticed something that alerted his assumption-spotting mindset: the entire underbody was cast as one piece of metal. At a meeting of his core team, Musk pulled out the toy and put it on the table. “Why can’t we do that?” he asked.

An engineer present pointed out the obvious: an actual car was much bigger. Besides, someone else observed, there were no casting machines available to handle something the size of an automobile.

“Go figure out how to do it,” Musk demanded. “Find a bigger casting machine. It’s not as if that would break the laws of physics.” Five suppliers told them what they wanted was impossible. But they found a small casting company in Italy that was willing to give it a try. Today that company makes all of Tesla’s underbodies.

Musk deploys this sort of cognitive pushback against all sorts of impediments and conventional thinking which opens doors to new possibilities; it is fundamental to his method of operating and outlook on the world.

Told that it will take 10 days to set up a rocket on the launchpad for further testing, Musk urges his engineers to figure out how to set it up in one day. When told that doing business in China will require that he form a joint venture with a Chinese company, Musk pushes back on that assumption and ultimately is granted an exception.

When he seeks to understand why Denver Airport’s baggage handling system failed (”too complex”) or why it’s taken NASA and BoeingBA -2.3% forever to innovate in the rocket arena, he rethinks the assumption that being paid by the government on a cost-plus basis will ever get the job done. Instead, Musk proposes that NASA only pay him when he is successful, heightening the risk, but concentrating the do-or-die stakes that break barriers, boundaries, and bureaucracy.

Unnecessary complexities on the rocket engine line that slowed things down to a NASA/Boeing snail’s pace enrage and energize Musk. At one point, he put his design engineers in charge of production like he had done for a while at Tesla. “I created separate design and production groups a long time ago, and that was a bullshit mistake,” he said at one meeting. “You are responsible for the production process. You can’t hand it off to someone else. If the design is expensive to produce, you change the design.”

And then came Twitter. Musk impulsively decided to buy the company, then regretted it almost immediately. When he took over, there were 8000 employees. Two months later there were just over 2000, a 75% reduction. Overnight, Twitter went from being a nurturing workplace, replete with free artisanal meals, yoga studios, and paid rest days to the other extreme.

“He did it not only for cost reasons,” writes Isaacson, “he preferred a scrappy, hard-driven environment where rabid warriors felt psychological danger rather than comfort.” Musk believes that a small group of really great engineers can outperform a regular group 100 times larger. Musk’s method, as it had been since the Falcon One rocket, was to iterate fast, take risks, be brutal, except failure, and keep failing till you break through.

“We were changing the engines while the plane was spiraling out of control,” Musk tells Isaacson, referring to Twitter. “It’s a miracle we survived.” But did he really?

This article originally appeared in Forbes
Image credit: Pixabay

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Top 10 Human-Centered Change & Innovation Articles of July 2022

Top 10 Human-Centered Change & Innovation Articles of July 2022Drum roll please…

At the beginning of each month we will profile the ten articles from the previous month that generated the most traffic to Human-Centered Change & Innovation. Did your favorite make the cut?

But enough delay, here are July’s ten most popular innovation posts:

  1. What Latest Research Reveals About Innovation Management Software — by Jesse Nieminen
  2. Top Five Reasons Customers Don’t Return — by Shep Hyken
  3. Five Myths That Kill Change and Transformation — by Greg Satell
  4. How the Customer in 9C Saved Continental Airlines from Bankruptcy — by Howard Tiersky
  5. Changing Your Innovator’s DNA — by Arlen Meyers, M.D.
  6. Why Stupid Questions Are Important to Innovation — by Greg Satell
  7. We Must Rethink the Future of Technology — by Greg Satell
  8. Creating Employee Connection Innovations in the HR, People & Culture Space — by Chris Rollins
  9. Sickcare AI Field Notes — by Arlen Meyers, M.D.
  10. Cultivate Innovation by Managing with Empathy — by Douglas Ferguson

BONUS – Here are five more strong articles published in June that continue to resonate with people:

If you’re not familiar with Human-Centered Change & Innovation, we publish 4-7 new articles every week built around innovation and transformation insights from our roster of contributing authors and ad hoc submissions from community members. Get the articles right in your Facebook, Twitter or Linkedin feeds too!

Have something to contribute?

Human-Centered Change & Innovation is open to contributions from any and all innovation and transformation professionals out there (practitioners, professors, researchers, consultants, authors, etc.) who have valuable human-centered change and innovation insights to share with everyone for the greater good. If you’d like to contribute, please contact me.

P.S. Here are our Top 40 Innovation Bloggers lists from the last two years:

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The Hidden Innovators

Identifying and Protecting Unconventional Problem-Solvers

GUEST POST from Art Inteligencia

The Hidden Innovators


The Myth of the Elite Innovation Lab

Organizations pour millions into dedicated R&D centers, sleek design studios, and elite innovation labs. Yet, the most elegant, friction-reducing solutions rarely emerge from these highly curated environments. Instead, they are born on the quiet front lines — hatched by the customer service representative who crafts an ingenious workaround to bypass a legacy software glitch, or the floor manager who subtly modifies a physical tool to eliminate a safety hazard.

The core reality is simple: innovation is not a department; it is a distributed, human capability. Unfortunately, traditional corporate structures are organically engineered to act as social antibodies, filtering out unconventional thinkers and neutralizing variance in the name of predictability. To build an enterprise capable of continuous renewal, leaders must look beyond formal titles to actively identify, integrate, and protect these hidden problem-solvers.

“True organizational resilience requires a permanent shift from exclusionary, top-down mandates to an authentic model of Participatory Innovation.”

By shifting our focus toward inclusive co-creation, we don’t just discover better ideas — we fundamentally reduce the systemic friction and organizational resistance that kill brilliant strategies before they can ever take root.

I. Archetypes of the Unconventional Problem-Solver

To find the hidden innovators within an enterprise, leadership must first learn what they actually look like. They rarely match the stereotypical profile of the loud, charismatic “ideation guru” or the polished executive champion. Instead, unconventional problem-solvers manifest through specific behaviors, driven by a deep-seated desire to fix what is broken. They generally fall into one of four distinct archetypes:

The Constructive Rebel

This individual is frequently misunderstood by middle management as a disruptive force. They routinely bypass or bend standard operating procedures — not out of a desire to cause chaos, but because they realize the official process actively prevents them from solving a customer’s real-world pain point. They prioritize the human experience over bureaucratic compliance.

The Boundary Spanner

Innovation thrives at the intersections. The Boundary Spanner is a natural connector who exists horizontally in a vertically siloed world. They possess a rare cross-functional literacy, effortlessly translating insights between departments that rarely speak — such as pairing frontline customer feedback with backend systems architecture to spark a completely new workflow.

The Quiet Optimizer

Often introverted and highly focused on execution, Quiet Optimizers hate waste. They quietly automate their own workflows, write custom scripts, or build informal, localized tools to eliminate everyday friction. They don’t seek corporate validation, trophies, or stages; they simply want to make their immediate operational ecosystem work better.

Mapping to the Nine Innovation Roles

When we look at these archetypes through the lens of formal organizational design, they align perfectly with the Nine Innovation Roles framework. These hidden individuals are your organic Troubleshooters, Connectors, and Magic Makers. The challenge is that they are currently operating entirely outside of your formal innovation mandates — meaning their insights remain localized, isolated, and tragically unscaled.

II. Why Organizations Unknowingly Stifle Hidden Talent

Corporate antibodies are remarkably efficient at neutralizing variance. The tragedy of modern enterprise is that the systems designed to ensure operational stability are often the very mechanisms that silence unconventional thinkers. To unlock hidden innovation, we must diagnose the structural friction points that actively discourage our best minds.

The Tyranny of Traditional Performance Metrics

Standard key performance indicators (KPIs) are calibrated for predictability and optimization, not exploration. When performance evaluations reward incremental execution and flawless adherence to routine, they inherently penalize variance. Because true breakthrough thinking requires experimentation — and the inevitable failures that accompany it — rigid metrics force employees to choose between systemic compliance and human-centered problem-solving. Most choose compliance simply to survive.

The “Not Invented Here” Syndrome

Middle management often acts as a gatekeeper rather than a gateway. Ideas that bubble up from the front lines face an uphill battle against structural ego and institutional inertia. When an elegant solution does not originate from a designated research lab, an executive mandate, or an elite strategy team, it is frequently dismissed as amateurish or irrelevant. This cultural bias shuts down vital participatory loops before insights can ever reach decision-makers.

Psychological Safety vs. Corporate Compliance

Without psychological safety, brilliant ideas remain internal monologues. In highly bureaucratic environments where mistakes are weaponized, hidden innovators quickly learn to camouflage their best work. When the perceived risk of speaking up or trying a new approach outweighs the reward, people stop trying to fix the system. They either internalize their frustration, leading to profound burnout, or they quietly take their creative capital to a competitor who values agile thinking over blind obedience.

III. Active Identification: Spotting the Signals

Finding hidden innovators requires leaders to look past formal job titles, credentials, and organizational hierarchies. Unconventional problem-solvers leave distinct operational footprints. By shifting from passive suggestion boxes to active observation, organizations can accurately map where true organic innovation is happening.

Analyzing Friction Points and “Workarounds”

The best indicator of a future innovation is a current workaround. When employees actively break, bend, or modify an official process, they are rarely trying to sabotage the system — they are attempting to fix a flawed design. Leaders must stop treating process non-compliance purely as a disciplinary issue and start viewing it as data. Every unauthorized tool, unofficial spreadsheet, or localized shortcut is actually a low-fidelity prototype of a better process waiting to be studied and scaled.

Utilizing Experience Level Measures (XLMs)

Traditional operational data (KPIs) can tell you *what* is happening, but they completely miss the human element. To spot hidden problem-solvers, organizations must deploy Experience Level Measures (XLMs). By tracking human sentiment, frustration levels, and friction points across the employee journey, leaders can identify the specific bright spots: the anomalous teams or individuals who are maintaining high experience scores despite broken infrastructure. Where the employee experience thrives against the odds, a hidden innovator is actively closing the gap.

Peer-Nomination and Network Mapping

The formal organizational chart rarely reflects how work actually gets done. To find your true change agents, bypass the hierarchy and tap into the organic employee network. By asking teams simple, targeted questions — such as, “Who do you actually go to when you encounter a truly bizarre, complex problem that the standard manual can’t solve?” — the organization can map informal authority. The names that surface repeatedly are your natural innovation anchors, regardless of their official rank.

IV. The Protective Shield: Safeguarding and Nurturing Unconventional Thinkers

Identification without protection is a recipe for employee burnout and turnover. Once you uncover your hidden innovators, you cannot simply leave them exposed to the same corporate machinery that ignored them in the first place. Leaders must build an intentional, operational buffer around these individuals to safeguard their talent and nurture their ideas.

Establishing an Experience Management Office (XMO) Buffer

To shield unconventional thinkers from bureaucratic inertia, organizations need an institutional champion. This is where an Experience Management Office (XMO) becomes vital. Rather than acting as just another layer of measurement, a mature XMO serves as an operational buffer. It steps in to validate human-centered solutions, clear bureaucratic red tape, and provide the air cover necessary for cross-functional ideas to be tested without being crushed by rigid departmental silos.

Designing “Safe Zones” for Rapid Experimentation

Unconventional problem-solvers don’t need heavy infrastructure; they need permission and space. Organizations should establish structured “safe zones” — such as micro-grants, lightweight governance loops, or small, dedicated blocks of time — where employees can rapidly test hypotheses. By keeping the stakes low and removing standard corporate oversight from the initial discovery phase, you allow hidden innovators to fail fast, learn quickly, and refine ideas into viable, scalable prototypes.

Redefining Fairness and Reward Structures

Traditional corporate recognition often relies on blanket, equal rewards that inadvertently dilute individual contribution. True fairness in a human-centered ecosystem means equitable outcomes where rewards are relative to impact and effort. If your constructive rebels and quiet optimizers are carrying the disproportionate weight of solving complex systemic problems, the reward system must reflect that reality. Aligning incentives with actual value creation ensures that your most impactful change agents feel deeply seen, respected, and motivated to keep pushing boundaries.

Conclusion: Building a Perpetually Innovative Ecosystem

The long-term resilience of an enterprise does not depend on a handful of designated visionaries hidden away in an executive suite or a well-funded technology incubator. It depends entirely on the organization’s capacity to build a highly collaborative network and leverage its latent human capital. Innovation is inherently democratic, organic, and distributed; it belongs to anyone who refuses to accept a broken status quo.

To thrive in an era of continuous disruption, leadership must make a conscious choice to stop looking for change solely through top-down mandates. True competitive advantage is found by looking down, looking outward, and opening the door to authentic participatory frameworks. By intentionally identifying our constructive rebels, quiet optimizers, and boundary spanners—and providing them with the protective air cover they need to experiment — we transform the entire workplace culture.

“When you protect your hidden problem-solvers, you don’t just optimize your processes — you build an adaptable, human-centered organization capable of constant self-renewal.”

The talent you need to solve your most complex future challenges is already sitting in your conference rooms, answering your customer service lines, and managing your supply chains. Stop waiting for external disruptors or corporate miracles. Look closer at the quiet brilliance already operating within your midst, build the protective structures to help it thrive, and let your people co-create the future of the enterprise.

Frequently Asked Questions

To help human readers and automated search engines easily navigate the core concepts of managing hidden innovators, here are the answers to the most common questions about this human-centered approach:

1. What is the difference between a traditional innovator and a “hidden” innovator?

Traditional innovators operate within formal innovation frameworks, such as dedicated R&D departments, product management teams, or corporate strategy groups, and their performance metrics explicitly reward new ideas. A “hidden” innovator is a frontline or operational employee — such as a customer service representative or operations specialist — who invents brilliant, organic workarounds to solve real-world friction, completely outside of formal innovation mandates or job descriptions.

2. How does an Experience Management Office (XMO) help protect unconventional problem-solvers?

An XMO acts as an operational buffer and organizational champion for hidden innovators. Instead of letting a human-centered solution get crushed by rigid departmental silos or traditional middle-management resistance, the XMO steps in to validate the human impact of the idea, clear bureaucratic red tape, and provide the cross-functional air cover needed to safely test and scale the solution.

3. Why does traditional corporate fairness actually harm organic innovation?

Traditional corporate models treat fairness as equal, blanket recognition distributed uniformly across a team, regardless of individual variance in output. In an innovation ecosystem, true fairness means equity — where rewards and recognition are directly relative to a person’s disproportionate effort and human impact. When quiet optimizers or constructive rebels carry the weight of solving complex systemic problems but receive the same blanket acknowledgment as passive compliance followers, they face burnout and eventually stop contributing.


SPECIAL BONUS: Braden Kelley’s Problem Finding Canvas can be a super useful starting point for doing design thinking or human-centered design.

“The Problem Finding Canvas should help you investigate a handful of areas to explore, choose the one most important to you, extract all of the potential challenges and opportunities and choose one to prioritize.”

Image credit: Pexels

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