Tag Archives: waste

How to Build a Local Value Score Without Starting a Partisan Firefight

How to Build a Local Value Score Without Starting a Partisan Firefight

by Braden Kelley and Art Inteligencia

In the first piece in this series, we lit the spark: absolute spending debates rarely move the needle, while peer-relative value, what similar communities achieve per dollar, can. This article opens the instrument. Not the full DIY toolkit yet. The method. The experience architecture. The discipline that turns civic anger into civic learning.

From spark to instrument

Innovation without an instrument is just a mood. Human-centered change without a shared unit of sense-making becomes another round of tribal theater. If you felt the first article land – What If You Could Prove the Government is Ripping Us Off? – the next question is practical:

How do we score a place fairly enough that good-faith people on the left, right, and exhausted middle can argue about the same dashboard?

That is an experience-design problem before it is a political problem. People cannot improve what they cannot sense. So we need an interface for civic value that ordinary neighbors can understand in under two minutes, and that a finance director can challenge without inventing motives.

Call the instrument a Relative Value Score (RVS): a transparent, peer-normalized view of outcomes per cost-adjusted dollar, with a clear path to “why the gap.” The revolutionary move is not inventing a grade that flatters your side. It is building a comparison citizens trust enough to use in budget season.

What a Relative Value Score actually measures

A Relative Value Score is not “how big is the budget?” Bigger places spend more. Harder case mixes cost more. Expensive labor markets pay more. Treating raw spend as proof of compassion, or of waste, is how we keep fighting about identity instead of delivery.

Conceptually:

RVS ≈ how close you are to the best peer in your cohort on value delivered per dollar—across a small set of outcome domains, cost-adjusted, with published weights and sources.

Think of it like comparing restaurants of the same type and price band on food quality per dollar, not comparing a food truck to a banquet hall and declaring a winner by total receipts. Futurology loves flashy national indexes. Experience design prefers local instruments that feel fair in the neighborhood where life is actually lived.

Three design rules keep the score human-centered:

  • Outcomes over optics. Prefer measurable delivery (response times, learning growth, pavement condition, permit latency, unit cost of capital) over press-release volume.
  • Cost-adjusted dollars. Adjust for regional price and wage differences so “expensive place” is not automatically “bad place.”
  • Relative, not absolute holiness. Normalize within the peer cohort. The best peer becomes the teacher. Everyone else gets a gap to close—or explain.

Improper payments, fraud risk, and opaque grantee chains still matter. They belong on a related but separate track (more below). Mixing “inefficient” with “corrupt” in one opaque number is how movements lose the room on the first contested claim.

Peers first: the fairness engine

Most “benchmarking” fails before the math starts—because the peer set is a vibes playlist. Comparing a dense coastal city to a rural county, or a high-poverty district to an affluent one using unadjusted test levels, is not accountability. It is ammunition.

Peer cohorts are the fairness engine. Build them first. Argue about them in public. Version them. That is change leadership: put the contested assumptions where people can see them.

Practical cohort dimensions by layer:

  • Cities: population band, density, metro/rural context, regional price/wage index.
  • Counties: population, urban share, mandate set (courts, jails, public health, roads, elections).
  • States: population scale, economic mix, federal transfer share—used carefully; states are multi-product machines.
  • School districts: enrollment, % students in special education / English learners / free-or-reduced lunch (or equivalent need measures), urbanicity, regional educator wages. Prefer learning growth / value-add over raw proficiency levels whenever possible.
  • Water and special districts: service population, infrastructure age/type, treatment complexity, geography—unit cost of delivered service beats “total budget” every time.

A good peer set is small enough to be intelligible and large enough that one outlier cannot redefine “normal.” Publish who is in the cohort and why. Invite the entity to propose alternate peers with evidence. Right-to-reply is not weakness. It is how trust compounds.

Domains, weights, and the “why the gap” story

Do not boil the ocean. Innovation teams ship thin slices. For a first local scorecard, pick 8–12 metrics max across a few domains—not 200 indicators nobody reads.

Example domain shapes (customize by entity type):

  • Service delivery: outcomes or service quality per dollar or per FTE (clearance, response, throughput, condition).
  • Administrative load: central office / admin share versus program or instructional spend.
  • Labor intensity: compensation density (payroll, overtime, benefits where available) versus outputs.
  • Contracting & capital: competitive bid share, concentration, unit cost and schedule slippage on comparable projects.
  • Transparency: timely CAFRs/budgets, machine-readable checkbooks, FOIA latency—inputs to trust, not vanity.

Weights should be public, few, and revisable. Publish a default weighting, and let citizens toggle sensitivity modes (“weight learning growth higher,” “weight admin share higher”) so critics can fork the story without assassinating the messenger. That is open innovation applied to civic sense-making.

The score is the headline. The product is the “why the gap” decomposition: which 2–3 drivers explain most of the distance from the best peer, each with sources and confidence. Without that story, a score is just a ranking for dunking. With it, a score becomes a change agenda.

Two tracks: performance vs. integrity

Human-centered accountability refuses false equivalence. A district can be expensive relative to peers and still honest. An agency can look “lean” on paper and still run integrity red flags. Smash those into one “corruption score” and you have built a weapon, not an instrument.

Keep two panels on the same dashboard:

  • Performance track (RVS): peer-relative outcomes per cost-adjusted dollar. This is the main civic interface.
  • Integrity overlay: audit findings, delayed reporting, sole-source patterns, related-party flags, outcome-light grantee chains—shown with higher evidentiary bars, source documents, and room to reply. Treat AI here as a highlighter for human review, never as a judge pronouncing guilt.

This separation is how a multipartisan movement survives contact with reality. Precision is the revolutionary ethic. Smear is the cheap substitute.

A weekend walkthrough for one jurisdiction

You do not need the full toolkit to practice the method. You need a first mile. Here is a human-sized walkthrough you can start this weekend—before the downloadable suite and guidebooks ship.

  • 1. Name the entity in one sentence. “Our K–12 district,” “our city general fund,” “our water district”—passion plus a border beats rage at “the system.”
  • 2. Pull Tier-A documents. Latest adopted budget, CAFR or annual financial report, salary schedule or checkbook export, and any published outcomes dashboards. Note what is missing.
  • 3. Draft a peer shortlist. Five to fifteen similars using the cohort dimensions above. Write one paragraph defending the set.
  • 4. Choose eight metrics you can source. Prefer unit costs and outcomes over vibes. If a metric cannot be sourced, park it—do not invent it.
  • 5. Build a crude gap view. For each metric, who is best in your peer set? Where are you? What is the story in two drivers?
  • 6. Separate integrity notes. If you see red flags, log them with links and confidence—not as the score itself.
  • 7. Write three budget-season questions. Short enough for a three-minute public comment. Specific enough that staff must answer on the record.

That walkthrough is reconnaissance, not a finished product. Finished products need versioned methods, entity right-to-reply, and consistent cohort rules. That is exactly what the forthcoming DIY tools and role-based guidebooks are for—so local teams are not reinventing discipline in the dark.

What comes next—and how to stay in formation

Method without movement is a PDF nobody uses. Movement without method is a mob with a megaphone. We are building both: open instruments for peer-relative value, and a network of roles—data gatherers, benchmarking intelligence creators, website hosts, promoters, meeting advocates, media partners—who can stand up local scoreboards when the kits are ready.

In the next pieces in this series, we will walk a single jurisdiction end-to-end as a chapter-lead story, then open the downloadable suite: data gathering, careful AI-assisted processing under human guardrails, and public benchmarking sites neighbors can actually use.

Between method and toolkit, stay on the bus.

If this article sharpened your sense of how fair comparison should work, subscribe to Human-Centered Change & Innovation Weekly. That list is how you get first notice when the guidebooks and DIY tools move from spark to usable firepower—practical next steps for the jurisdiction and role you choose.

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Forward this to the person who already knows the peer set in their head—and to the person who keeps saying the comparison “isn’t fair” without ever defining fair. Fairness is designable. That is the work.

Absolute spend is a slogan. Peer-relative value is an instrument. Instruments are how human-centered futures get built.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a Relative Value Score (RVS)?

A Relative Value Score is a peer-normalized measure of outcomes per cost-adjusted dollar for a city, county, state, school district, or special district. It shows how close an entity is to the best performer among similar peers across a small set of transparent metrics—not whether its total budget is large or small in absolute terms.

How do you choose fair peers for comparison?

Fair peers share similar constraints: size and density for cities; mandate mix for counties; enrollment and student-need mix plus regional wages for school districts; service population and infrastructure profile for water and special districts. Publish the cohort rules, keep the set large enough to be meaningful, and allow entities to propose alternate peers with evidence. Unadjusted “leaderboards” that ignore poverty or cost of living are not fair benchmarks.

Should fraud and performance be one score?

No. Keep a performance track (peer-relative value) separate from an integrity overlay (audits, delayed reporting, sole-source patterns, opaque grantee chains) that requires stronger evidence and human review. Combining them into one “corruption score” destroys credibility and unfairly smears underperforming but honest agencies.

Image Credits: Pexels

Content Authenticity Statement: The topic area, key elements to focus on, etc. were decisions made by Braden Kelley, with a little help from Cursor to clean up the article.

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What If You Could Prove the Government is Ripping Us Off?

What If You Could Prove the Government is Ripping Us Off?

by Braden Kelley and Art Inteligencia

We are living through a crisis of civic experience. People can feel that they’re being ripped off by their elected and administrative officials, but yet they lack a fair way to prove it. The future will not be built by louder arguments alone. It will be built by better comparisons: value delivered per dollar, relative to peers who look like us. That is the spark for a human-centered citizen movement. First, let’s look at the scale of the problem already documented in the public record.

The bill without a receipt

Most of us do not experience government as a spreadsheet. We experience it as a journey: the permit that takes months, the school board meeting that buries tradeoffs in jargon, the water bill that climbs while the story never quite lands. That journey is the real product. And if experience design has taught us anything, it is this: when the interface of truth is broken, people do not get smarter by trying harder, they get cynical.

Cynicism is not a character flaw. It is a rational response to incomplete design.

We are asked to fund systems whose performance is rarely presented in the only language that makes human comparison fair: what does a place like mine get for money like mine?

Imagine, just for a moment, learning that a school district with a nearly identical enrollment mix educates children with far less administrative drag and better learning growth per instructional dollar. Or that a peer city issues permits, paves roads, or clears cases at a cost structure that cannot be waved away with “we’re special.” That is not a conspiracy theory. That is a design question. Design questions can be answered, if we stop accepting fog as a management strategy.

Before we build the instruments of peer comparison, we have to stop understating what already leaks, bloats, and under-delivers in plain sight. Innovation begins with facing reality, not romanticizing it.

The scale hiding in plain sight

If this were only a few bad actors and a few delayed audits, a nice annual report and a press release would be enough. The public record says otherwise. What we are looking at is a systems problem: structural error and theft measured in hundreds of billions; spending that sprints past simple population-and-inflation baselines; and institutions whose staffing mix drifts toward administration while the work citizens think they are buying becomes relatively thinner.

Let’s start at the federal level, not because your city council or school board is less important, but because the national numbers are large enough that denial starts looking like a lifestyle choice.

The U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) estimated that direct annual financial losses to the federal government from fraud fall between roughly $233 billion and $521 billion a year, based on fiscal years 2018–2022 risk environments (GAO-24-105833 highlights; full report: PDF). That is not a rounding error. That is a second economy of loss living inside the first.

Then there are improper payments – the broader leak that includes overpayments, underpayments, documentation failures, and more. Agencies reported about $236 billion in improper payments in fiscal year 2023 (GAO FY2023 overview) and still about $162 billion in fiscal year 2024 after some pandemic programs wound down (GAO FY2024 press release; GAO-25-107753 PDF). Cumulative improper-payment estimates since fiscal year 2003 approach about $2.8 trillion (see GAO-25-107753). Earlier in the same stretch: roughly $281 billion in FY2021 (GAO) and $247 billion in FY2022 (GAO).

Let’s be clear, as any honest change leader must be: improper payments are not all intentional fraud. But they are the proof that our control experience is broken. If you cannot reliably send the right money to the right place, you do not have a “communications” problem. You have a design problem.

Bar chart of federal improper payment estimates for FY2021 through FY2024, declining from roughly $281 billion to $162 billion but remaining very large.

Federal agency-reported improper payment estimates remain measured in hundreds of billions even after the pandemic peak. Sources:
GAO FY2021 (~$281B);
GAO FY2022 (~$247B);
GAO FY2023 (~$236B);
GAO FY2024 (~$162B).
Scale of loss is one window. Scale of spend is another. Total federal net outlays rose from roughly $3.5 trillion in fiscal year 2014 to roughly $6.7 trillion in fiscal year 2024 – nearly a doubling in a decade in nominal dollars, with the pandemic rewriting the shape of the curve. Those figures come from the U.S. Office of Management and Budget historical outlay series published via the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis as FRED series FYONET, with the broader tables at OMB Historical Tables.

More spending can mean more service, more obligations, an older population, emergencies. Futurology without humility is just sci-fi cosplay. But here is the innovation insight most public debates miss: absolute “we spent more” tells citizens almost nothing about unit cost, quality, or leakage. When the size of the system grows, the need for peer-relative instruments grows with it. Otherwise we are asking people to navigate a denser fog with the same broken map.

Bar chart showing U.S. federal net outlays rising from about $3.5 trillion in FY2014 to about $6.7 trillion in FY2024.

U.S. federal net outlays, selected fiscal years (nominal dollars). Source:
OMB Federal Net Outlays (FYONET) via FRED.
See also OMB Historical Tables.
Now bring it closer to home – for many of us, literally. Washington State’s Near General Fund–Outlook (NGF-O) operating budget grew from about $31.2 billion in the 2011–13 biennium to about $80.2 billion for 2025–27, roughly a 157% increase in nominal dollars, as laid out by the Washington Policy Center using the state’s NGF-O series. The 2023–25 NGF-O package, after the 2024 supplemental, was about $71.9 billion (Legislative Budget Notes PDF). The same analysis notes that if spending since the mid-2010s had tracked only population and inflation, today’s scale would be tens of billions lower. Growth is real. “We only kept up with costs” is a different claim. Official statewide spending trails also live at fiscal.wa.gov.

This is not a Washington-only story. It is a pattern story: when the bar chart climbs and the experience of value does not climb with it, citizens notice – even if they cannot yet prove the gap against peers.

Bar chart of Washington state Near General Fund–Outlook biennial operating budgets rising from $31.2 billion in 2011–13 to about $80.2 billion in 2025–27.

Washington NGF-O biennial operating budget scale (nominal). Sources:
Washington Policy Center NGF-O growth summary
(2011–13 ≈ $31.2B; 2025–27 ≈ $80.2B; ~157%);
2023–25 NGF-O ≈ $71.9B (Legislative Budget Notes PDF);
mid-decade ~$38B scale as described in the same WPC overview of the decade-long climb.
Then there is administrative gravity, especially in higher education, where parents still believe they are buying teaching first. The Delta Cost Project at the American Institutes for Research documented something experience designers would call a quiet interface change: as managerial and professional administrative ranks grew, the average number of faculty and staff per administrator fell by roughly 40 percent at many four-year institutions between 1990 and 2012, landing near 2.5 or fewer faculty and staff per administrator (Desrochers & Kirshstein, Labor Intensive or Labor Expensive?, 2014 (PDF); AIR press summary). Professional non-faculty roles often grew faster than full-time instructional capacity, even as campuses leaned harder on part-time instructors. The underlying institutional data ecosystem lives in IPEDS and the Delta Cost Project database.

Is every new position waste? Of course not. Human organizations need coordination. The revolutionary question is not “abolish administration.” It is: do we have a transparent, peer-relative view of what administration costs relative to learning and outcomes — or are we just hoping for the best?

Bar chart showing faculty and staff positions per administrator declining from roughly 3.3 around 1990 to about 2.3 around 2012.

Illustrative faculty-and-staff-per-administrator levels reflecting Delta Cost Project / AIR findings of roughly a 40% decline from 1990 to 2012 at many four-year campuses, averaging about 2.5 or fewer faculty and staff per administrator.
Source: Desrochers & Kirshstein (2014) PDF.
And then there is the softer, stickier problem: corruption perceptions and nonprofit “grift” that thrives in long outcome chains. In occupational-fraud cases studied by the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE), government organizations and for-profit firms land around a median loss of about $150,000 per case, while nonprofits still show up in about one in ten cases, with smaller median losses (about $76,000) that can still wreck a thin-margin mission (Occupational Fraud 2024: A Report to the Nations (PDF)).

Here is the human-centered insight: when public dollars pass through contractors and tax-exempt intermediaries, the distance between the taxpayer’s intention and the citizen’s experience often grows. High overhead, related parties, vague deliverables, and glossy stories without unit costs are not always illegal – but they can be a failure of value design. Law can punish fraud. Only better metrics can expose underperformance that still has good branding.

Trust tracks this story. Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index has scored the United States in the mid-60s out of 100 in recent years, with multi-year deterioration flagged by Transparency International U.S. (see their CPI 2025 statement (PDF)). When perceptions fall, governance gets more expensive — because every negotiation becomes theater, and every reform takes more energy to land.

So stack it up without theatrics: hundreds of billions a year in federal fraud-loss risk and improper-payment leakage; state operating budgets that can more than double across a decade and a half; staffing mixes that load coordination relative to the work many people believe they are buying; pass-through chains that hide unit economics. That is enough reason to innovate how citizens see value. It is not a license to smear every public employee. Revolutionary change worth having is precise, not performative.

Sources for the scale claims above

Why shouting about “too much spending” never ends the argument

American public argument too often collapses into two dead ends. One side treats every dollar as proof of compassion. The other treats every dollar as proof of waste. Both can be partially right, and still leave neighbors holding a slogan instead of a shared fact.

Absolute spend is a weak instrument for learning. Larger places spend more. Harder case mixes cost more. Expensive labor markets pay more without automatically proving mismanagement. When numbers ignore context, people fight about identity instead of performance. That is not governance. That is sportswashing for budgets.

Experience design offers a simpler truth: people cannot improve what they cannot sense. If the “interface” of civic truth is either opaque PDFs or cable-news moral theater, the lived journey of taxpayers becomes cynicism – then disengagement – then the quiet permission structure where bloat, under-delivery, and yes, fraud, get more time than they deserve.

The future of healthier institutions will not be won by volume alone. It will be won by better comparisons ordinary people can use without a PhD in public finance. That is human-centered change in one sentence: redesign the sense-making layer, and better action becomes possible.

A better unit of civic truth: value relative to peers

Futurology has a bad habit: it over-promises technology and under-specifies culture. Here is the cultural upgrade that matters first.

Score places the way adults already rank experiences in the rest of life, relative to alternatives that should be similar.

Peer-relative value asks a sharper question than “how much did we spend?” It asks: among entities of roughly the same size and constraints, who delivers more real outcomes per dollar – and who is the best performer we should be learning from?

That shift changes the emotional temperature of accountability. It is harder to dismiss a neighbor when the comparison is another city that looks like yours, another county with a similar mandate set, another school district with a similar student population, another water district with similar infrastructure age. The conversation stops being “are you for or against government?” and starts being “why are we so different from our best peers?”

Relative performance does not erase values. It clarifies delivery. Compassion with weak unit economics is still compassion, and also an unfinished design problem. Efficiency without outcomes is just thrift cosplay. Citizens deserve both: what was intended, and what was delivered, at a cost that survives peer daylight.

This is innovation in the classic sense: not novelty for its own sake, but a better way of creating and measuring value — at the civic layer, where most of life is still lived.

Where fraud, grift, and bloat actually hide

Serious fraud is not always cinematic. More often it is procedural: sole-source patterns that never face real competition; nonprofit pass-throughs that struggle to show outcomes while still collecting public purpose; administrative layers that expand faster than service quality; capital projects whose unit costs and schedule slips never get benchmarked against places that built something comparable; delay as a shield because documents arrive too late to matter.

This is where passion becomes useful, and where discipline becomes non-negotiable. Performance gaps and integrity red flags are not the same thing. Treating every underperforming budget line as a crime story destroys trust the first time a good-faith agency is smeared. Treating every audit as “politics” is how poor design gets tenure.

A mature citizen practice separates the tracks, think of them as three instrument panels on the same dashboard:

  • Performance: outcomes and service quality relative to cost among peers.
  • Structure: administration share, contracting concentration, salary density versus output.
  • Integrity: delayed reporting, audit findings, related-party patterns, outcome-light grantee chains—presented with sources, confidence, and room to reply.

That separation is not gentleness toward corruption. It is how legitimate pressure remains standing when the pushback arrives. Revolutions that last are the ones that can still tell the truth under scrutiny.

The future of accountability is local (and buildable)

National drama can make local work feel small. It is not. Your life is administered by boards, districts, counties, cities, and agencies that set real prices for real services within a few miles of your door. Those are also the levels where a committed group of citizens can still change the information environment in a single budget cycle.

What is newly possible, and this is the innovation hinge, is not “AI as magic.” Magic is for marketing decks. Real innovation is AI as scale applied to the boring, necessary labor of extraction, classification, plain-language briefing, and pattern spotting — always subordinated to transparent methods and primary records. The opportunity is a suite of do-it-yourself tools that a passionate local team can download, stand up, and own: gather public data, process it with clear human oversight, and publish peer benchmarks for the jurisdiction they care about.

Think of it as open experience architecture for citizenship: not a single national score imposed from above, but many local instruments speaking the same comparative language. Cities. Counties. States. School districts. Water boards and special districts. Same idea. Local ownership. Peer daylight.

Movements fail when they ask everyone to wait for a capital-city hero. They gain power when they give capable people a way to begin where they already have skin in the game—and when the path from “I care” to “I can host a public scoreboard” is designed, documented, and downloadable. That is human-centered change: remove friction between intention and action.

From spark to local firepower: what you can actually do

Enthusiasm without a next step is just another scroll. So here is the honest promise of this movement: we are building the instruments — and you choose the jurisdiction, the intensity, and the role that fits your life.

Start with a target you can describe in one sentence. Your school district. Your city budget. Your county contracting. Your state’s administrative stack. Your water or sewer or flood-control district, the special-purpose governments that spend real money while almost nobody is watching. Passion plus a defined entity beats vague anger about “the system” every time.

Then choose a depth of start that matches your week, not your fantasy of free time:

  • Weekend scout: Pull the latest budget, CAFR, or checkbook export. List the top five cost centers. Note what is missing — outcomes, headcount by function, sole-source awards. That alone is civic reconnaissance.
  • Meeting witness: Show up once a month with three peer-comparison questions written in advance. Serious questions change how staff prepare—and how journalists listen.
  • Budget-season cadence: Build a small team and a calendar tied to when appropriations still can move. That is when numbers still have opponents who can feel them.
  • Local scoreboard: When the toolkit ships, stand up a public site — data intake, AI-assisted processing under human guardrails, and peer-relative benchmarks neighbors can share without translating bureaucracy dialect.

You do not need to do everything. You need a first mile. The guidebooks we will publish will walk those miles: how to FOIA without burning out, how to structure a peer cohort fairly, how to avoid turning a performance gap into a defamation trap, how to brief a board in three minutes, how to partner with a local reporter as an ally rather than an ambush.

Lighting a fire does not mean burning institutions down. It means raising the temperature of truth until fog can no longer survive as a management strategy—and giving thousands of local teams the same matchbook.

Pick a role that fits how you show up

From the outside, movements look monolithic. From the inside, they are division of labor — just like every innovation team that ever shipped anything that mattered. You do not have to become a full-stack auditor, web host, and public speaker on the same Tuesday night. Find the work that matches your temperament. Then find one person whose temperament complements yours.

Data gatherers and custodians. You enjoy documents more than microphones. You pull budgets, salary schedules, bid awards, board packets, 990s tied to public grants. You file public-records requests, keep the source folder honest, and leave a trail so nothing depends on a single hero’s laptop. Without clean intake, every downstream score is theater.

Benchmarking intelligence creators. You want the “so what.” You define peer sets carefully, normalize costs, choose outcome metrics that survive scrutiny, and write method notes so a critic can challenge the math without inventing motives. You turn spreadsheets into stories: unit cost of pavement, administrative share of a district, permit latency per FTE, learning growth per instructional dollar — always versus true peers. When the AI processing stack is ready, this role runs it with human judgment still on the wheel.

Website hosts and local product owners. You are willing to stand something up for your community: a place where neighbors can see the score, the sources, the trends, and an invitation to correct errors. You care about reliability and clarity – not turning a civic tool into a partisan meme machine. The downloadable suite is for you: templates, deployment path, content structure—so passion is not blocked by “I don’t know how to ship a site.”

Promoters, translators, and evangelists. You are the bridge. You do not have to invent the model. You make sure it reaches PTAs, rotary clubs, neighborhood groups, faith communities, taxpayer groups, student journalists, and people who will never open a CAFR unprompted. You translate peer-relative value into plain language, share uncomfortable comparisons without contempt, and keep the movement multipartisan enough that the score—not the team jersey—remains the headline.

Meeting advocates and budget-season operators. You take the brief to the microphone. Three questions. One peer chart. A written record. You show up when the appropriation can still move. The action packs we will release are for this role: scripts, FOIA companions, and “why the gap” one-pagers for boards and councils.

Local media partners and explanation designers. You help facts travel. A retired editor, a podcast host, a newsletter writer, a visual explainer—anyone who can turn a transparent ranking into public attention that demands reply rather than rumor. Credible pressure almost always needs a second institution’s megaphone.

Tutors of the top decile. When a peer is crushing your entity on value, someone should study them without ego—procurement habits, staffing ratios, open-data practices, facility utilization, grantee outcomes. Celebrating excellence is not a side quest. It is how reform becomes copyable instead of merely shaming. That is continuous improvement in civic form.

If you have ever left a public meeting thinking, “Someone should document this properly,” there is a role with your name on it. If you can explain a hard idea at a kitchen table, there is a role. If you can keep a folder organized, there is a role. The only non-role is permanent spectator—assuming someone else will finish the counting.

From newsletter spark to the bonfire of tools

The first act of a movement is not a software download. It is a shared refusal: we will no longer treat uncompared spending as a finished explanation of life. We will learn to ask for peer-relative value. We will demand receipts ordinary people can follow. We will treat the best performers as teachers, not enemies.

The second act is capability. That is the work now underway: do-it-yourself tooling for data gathering, careful AI-assisted processing, and public benchmarking intelligence — plus a series of role-based guidebooks so data gatherers, intelligence creators, website hosts, promoters, and budget-season operators are not inventing discipline from scratch in the dark.

Between spark and bonfire, there is a simple way to stay in formation: join the people who want the heads-up when the kits go live, when the next methods article drops, and when the first local teams start publishing peer scores others can fork and improve.

If this article lit something in you, subscribe to Human-Centered Change & Innovation Weekly. Use that signup as your seat on the bus for this movement. When the downloadable tools and guidebooks are ready — beyond the idea, into usable firepower — that is how you will know first, with practical next steps you can take in the jurisdiction you choose.

Prefer the full signup page? Open the newsletter signup page.

Tell a friend who sits through the same meetings and mutters the same unfinished sentence. Forward this to the person who always says, “If someone would just pull the numbers…” Forward it to the person who already pulls numbers but has nowhere trusted to publish them. Movements scale by invitation more than by manifesto.

For now, sit with the question every zip code deserves:

What if your community pays more and gets less than its true peers — and the only reason it continues is that nobody has finished the counting?

If that question lands, you are already part of the movement. Choose a jurisdiction. Choose a role. Get on the list. We will build the matchbooks — toolkits, methods, and guidebooks — so when you are ready to strike, the fire has somewhere local, human, and bright to go.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is “peer-relative value,” and why is it better than arguing about total spending?

Peer-relative value compares what similar governments achieve per dollar — schools with similar student needs, cities of similar size and density, utilities with similar infrastructure ages — rather than treating raw budget size as proof of success or failure. It makes accountability fairer because it adjusts for context, and sharper because it points to real best performers citizens can learn from. In experience-design terms: it gives people a better interface for understanding value.

Does this approach accuse every high-spending community of fraud?

No. Serious, human-centered accountability separates performance gaps (weaker outcomes or higher unit costs than peers) from integrity red flags (audit issues, opaque grantee chains, noncompetitive contracting patterns) that require stronger evidence. Relative benchmarking creates pressure for better results; it is not a substitute for investigation, law, or due process—and it should never be used as a license to smear people who serve in good faith.

How can I get involved before the tools are fully available?

Choose one jurisdiction you care about, start basic public-record reconnaissance, and pick a role that fits how you show up — data gathering, benchmarking intelligence, website hosting, promotion, meeting advocacy, or media partnership. Subscribe to Human-Centered Change & Innovation Weekly at bradenkelley.com/contact-me/newsletter-signup/ so you are first in line when downloadable toolkits and role-based guidebooks are ready to help stand up local peer-benchmarking sites.

Image Credits: Gemini

Content Authenticity Statement: The topic area, key elements to focus on, etc. were decisions made by Braden Kelley, with a little help from Cursor to clean up the article.

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Innovation or Not – Snacks Made from Watermelon Seeds

Innovation or Not - Snacks Made from Watermelon Seeds

GUEST POST from Art Inteligencia

When we talk about sustainability and innovation, the food industry often comes up short—despite being a fertile ground for both creativity and ecological advancement. One emerging trend is the development of snacks made from watermelon seeds, a seemingly simple idea that could have far-reaching impacts on our food systems and environmental footprint. But is it truly innovative? Let’s explore this concept through the lens of three compelling case studies that revolve around sustainability and the potent use of waste products for creating value.

Case Study 1: Eco Snacks Co.

Eco Snacks Co., a startup based in California, has carved a niche in the sustainable snacks market by turning watermelon seeds—typically a waste product—into nutrient-dense snacks. They source these seeds from local farms that would otherwise discard them. The seeds are cleaned, roasted, and seasoned to create a range of flavors, from chili lime to smoky BBQ.

But it’s not just about offering a tasty, healthy snack. By transforming what was once considered waste into a valuable product, Eco Snacks Co. addresses two major sustainability concerns: food waste and resource efficiency. The company also implements eco-friendly packaging made from biodegradable materials, reinforcing their commitment to the environment.

Eco Snacks Co. has experienced significant growth, with their products now available in major supermarkets and health food stores. They have managed to not only capture a segment of the snack market but also educate consumers on the benefits of upcycling food waste.

Case Study 2: Seed-to-Snack Innovators

Seed-to-Snack Innovators, based in the heart of Texas, have taken a different approach to watermelon seed snacks. Their business model centers on a cooperative relationship with watermelon farmers, offering them a way to monetize the by-products of their harvests. In essence, this is a farm-to-snack initiative.

After collecting the seeds, the company employs a proprietary method to dehydrate and flavor them, creating a product that fits well within the growing demand for plant-based snacks. The use of these seeds not only reduces agricultural waste but also provides an additional revenue stream for farmers.

The innovation doesn’t stop there; Seed-to-Snack Innovators have partnered with local gardens and schools to promote sustainable farming and waste reduction practices. Their educational programs aim to create a new generation of eco-conscious consumers who understand the importance of reducing waste and supporting sustainable food systems.

Case Study 3: Simple Mills

Simple Mills, a leader in the clean-food movement, has integrated the concept of sustainability into their business model by focusing on real ingredients and minimal processing. While they are predominantly known for their almond flour-based products, Simple Mills has also explored the use of other seed types, including watermelon seeds, in their innovative snacks.

Their approach is multifaceted: they aim to improve ingredient sourcing by working directly with farmers to ensure that every part of the plant is utilized, thus reducing waste. By incorporating watermelon seeds into their product line, Simple Mills highlights the versatility and nutritious value of these often-overlooked seeds.

Simple Mills is also committed to transparent supply chains and sustainable packaging solutions. Their packaging features clear information about their sustainability practices and is designed to minimize environmental impact, using recyclable and compostable materials whenever possible.

The company has not only expanded their product range but has also established themselves as educators and advocates for sustainable eating practices. Through community programs and partnerships, Simple Mills promotes a holistic approach to food that emphasizes health, sustainability, and waste reduction.

Conclusion

Both Eco Snacks Co., Seed-to-Snack Innovators, and Simple Mills exemplify how seemingly small innovations can lead to significant sustainability benefits. By taking what is traditionally seen as waste and converting it into a valuable product, these companies are not just making great snacks; they are reshaping our understanding of resource efficiency and waste reduction.

Finally, while snacks made from watermelon seeds might seem like a simple idea on the surface, the underlying innovation lies in the holistic approach to sustainability. These companies prove that it’s possible to create delicious, nutritious products while also making a positive impact on the environment.

So, innovation or not? I say it’s a resounding yes. It’s a perfect example of how true innovation often lies in reimagining the everyday, turning challenges into opportunities, and always keeping sustainability front and center.

Image credit: Simple Mills

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Changing Business Models Around

Changing Business Models AroundSome business models and products have been around so long that we just take them for granted, while others concepts that are becoming new business models are so new that we’re not quite sure what to expect. It is probably easiest to explain what I mean and why this juxtaposition is important by looking at a few examples. Most of these examples involve challenging our orthodoxies.

1. Coffee Shops

In the typical coffee shop pretty much anywhere in the world, the business model works like this – you buy a coffee and it comes along with it the right to take up a place at any table in the café for as long as you want. So, coffee buys you time. An article I came across on NPR highlights an entrepreneur in Moscow that has opened a restaurant that loosely translates to the Clockface Café where instead of buying coffee and getting time, you instead buy time ($4/hr per person for the 1st hour and $2 an hour after that, up to a maximum of $12 after 5 hours) and get coffee for free. Ivan Meetin, the founder, plans to open his next café in London. Meanwhile I have heard of similar operations in Paris, and by now they can probably also be found elsewhere. So, in your business what do people get for free, and what do they pay for? And is there an opportunity to change around what you charge for?

2. Waste Disposal

In many businesses, and in the creation of most products, there is waste. And in most cases, businesses pay to have this waste removed from their premises. Or there may be waste that the customer has to pay to have removed. But this doesn’t always have to be the case.

KFC, McDonald’s, Burger King, etc. used to have to pay to have their used fryer oil picked up, but now thanks to the rise of biodiesel they may even make money from this waste product.

Chicken FeetChicken processors used to throw the feet away after processing a truckload of chickens, but after they discovered that chicken feet are a delicacy in several Asian countries, they stopped throwing them away and instead started exporting them. In fact, chicken feet sell for more per pound than chicken breasts in China.

Broken OREO’s used to have no value before Cookies ‘n’ Cream ice cream (and now Cookies ‘n’ Cream OREO’s) were discovered.

And finally, I came across an example of a bottle cap concept created by designers from the Lanzhou University of Technology in China, intended to give poor children access to building blocks for play, from what was previously thrown away.

Building Caps

3. Discounts for Data

Data security and privacy is becoming an increasingly hot topic, and in the past companies would either ask customers for their data and not give them anything for it, or just not ask for it. But now we are seeing some interesting models of companies asking customers for data and instead giving them something of value in exchange. For example, Urban Outfitters rewards users that respond to promotions inside their mobile app or to users that allow its app to connect to their Twitter or Instagram accounts with points that can be redeemed for sale previews, concert tickets, or early access to new pieces. What data do you want from your customers? What is it worth to you? How could this exchange be made engaging and not be seen as a purely financial transaction?

4. The Soft Drink Category is Saturated and Cold

Soft drinks… How many people out there think that the soft drink category is a blue ocean full of incredible opportunities for unbounded growth for established soft drink makers? Most people would say that this is a mature category and a tough place for companies, full of merciless competition. But yet, people continue to innovate and challenge this orthodoxy. Witness a couple of interesting new concepts.

Shericks ShakesBritain has always been a hotbed of innovation, and the country that brought us Pret a Manger and Innocent smoothies brings us this tasty treat. Mr. Sherick’s Shakes brings people a little bit of luxury to their day in the form of their high quality milkshakes.

Meanwhile in Japan, there is a growing trend manifesting in a wave of product launches in the soft drink category that are not cold, but instead hot. Witness this example of what has always been a cold drink, Ginger Ale, being brought into the Japanese market as a hot beverage by Coca Cola’s Canada Dry unit.

Canada Dry Hot Ginger AlePeople always love something new and different, even if it is something old that has disappeared from the market. This is why fashion runs in cycles, and in a mature category like soft drinks there is no reason why we shouldn’t keep these principles in mind and see if now is the time to bring something back, or to see if there is an orthodoxy that we shouldn’t now look at challenging to see if an opportunity might not be created.

Conclusion

Innovation transforms the useful seeds of invention into widely adopted solutions valued above every existing alternative. Value comes not just from physical invention, or business model innovation, but from psychological and emotional benefits as well and the creation of new psychological or emotional value can happen in any industry at any point in time, no matter how mature the category seems to be. We as humans are strange creatures and we simultaneously fight against change (and hold back innovation as a result) and embrace new things (or at least like to try them). So challenge your patterns of accepted thinking to look for opportunity and work to overcome your beliefs that everything that could be done has been done in your industry.

Keep innovating!


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Cookies ‘n’ Cream Oreos and Chicken Feet

Cookies n Cream Oreos

Chicken FeetNow you might be asking yourself…

What do Cookies ‘n’ Cream Oreos and chicken feet have in common?

In short, both cookies ‘n’ cream and chicken feet involve valuable delicacies that that come from what people previously thought of as waste products from the production of something that was seen as more valuable.

In the United States chicken feet used to be thought of as something that (A) we don’t eat and (B) that American chicken ranchers used to throw away. But in Asia they are a delicacy in several countries, and according to Wikipedia chicken feet sell for more money per kilogram than the chicken breast (the part here in the United States that we think of as the most valuable).

Meanwhile, Cookies ‘n’ Cream ice cream and now Cookies ‘n’ Cream Oreos are now both great ways for Nabisco to take sub par Oreo cookie wafers that might otherwise be thrown away and instead turn them into a valuable product.

In the same way, old fryer oil from places like KFC and McDonald’s used to cost restaurants money to dispose of and now with the demand for BioDiesel, these restaurants can now instead sell their old oil to third parties instead of paying someone to take it away!

So, you have to ask yourself as part of your innovation efforts, are there any waste products or outputs that we don’t think of as valuable that could be turned into something else valuable or that might have value to someone else?


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Innovation Comes in Many Forms

Innovation Comes in Many FormsInnovation comes in all different forms, and there is more than one way to boost profits in organizations.

Layoffs are not the only way to improve the bottom line when times get tough. Often asking the right questions can uncover new revenue sources in areas that previously had only been seen as a source of costs.

There is an article in Fast Company from 2007 when I wrote this article that talks about ways that companies are greening themselves. I highly recommend that every entrepreneur and manager read it. It’s not a hippie and granola, look at us aren’t we great type of article but instead highlights loads of different ways that organizations are becoming green. This article highlights lots of different ways that organizations are improving their bottom lines, while greening themselves at the same time.

There are many reasons why trying to make your organization more environmentally responsible has the potential to improve the bottom line:

  1. It focuses the organization on identifying and eliminating waste
  2. Creating new directions for the waste your organization produces:
    • Are our waste products of value to someone?
    • Can we recycle or otherwise use our waste products for something useful?
  3. Could we produce our products closer to our customers?
  4. Could we source our inputs closer to our factories?
  5. Could we change how we package our product to reduce the amount of raw materials needed?
  6. Could we somehow distribute our products in reusable containers?

Finally, there is no escaping the fact that becoming more environmentally responsible as an organization will either gain you additional sales now or prevent you from losing sales in the future. as the standards of government and corporate procurement departments begin to shift towards purchasing from more environmentally responsible vendors.

So, what does your organization have to gain from trying to identify areas of environmental opportunity?

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