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How to Conduct User Research for Human-Centered Design Projects

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How to Conduct User Research for Human-Centered Design Projects

GUEST POST from Art Inteligencia

In the realm of human-centered design, understanding the needs, behaviors, and motivations of users is paramount. User research is the cornerstone of creating products and services that truly resonate with people. This article will guide you through the essential steps of conducting user research for human-centered design projects, enriched with real-world case studies to illustrate the process.

The Importance of User Research

User research is the process of understanding the behaviors, needs, and motivations of users through various qualitative and quantitative methods. It helps designers create solutions that are not only functional but also delightful and meaningful. Without user research, design efforts can become misguided, leading to products that fail to meet user expectations.

Steps to Conduct User Research

1. Define Your Objectives

Before diving into user research, it’s crucial to define what you aim to achieve. Are you looking to understand user pain points, validate a concept, or gather feedback on a prototype? Clear objectives will guide your research methods and ensure you gather relevant data.

2. Choose the Right Research Methods

There are numerous user research methods, each suited to different objectives. Some common methods include:

  • Interviews: One-on-one conversations to delve deep into user experiences.
  • Surveys: Structured questionnaires to gather quantitative data.
  • Usability Testing: Observing users as they interact with a product to identify usability issues.
  • Field Studies: Immersing in the user’s environment to understand context and behaviors.
  • Focus Groups: Group discussions to gather diverse perspectives.

3. Recruit Participants

Selecting the right participants is crucial for obtaining meaningful insights. Aim for a diverse group that represents your target audience. Use screening questionnaires to ensure participants meet your criteria.

4. Conduct the Research

Execute your chosen methods with a focus on empathy and active listening. Create a comfortable environment for participants to share their thoughts openly. Record sessions (with consent) for later analysis.

5. Analyze the Data

After collecting data, analyze it to identify patterns, themes, and insights. Use affinity diagrams, journey maps, and personas to visualize and communicate your findings.

6. Synthesize Insights

Translate your findings into actionable insights. Identify key pain points, opportunities, and user needs that will inform your design decisions.

7. Share Findings with Stakeholders

Present your insights to stakeholders in a clear and compelling manner. Use storytelling techniques to convey the user journey and highlight critical insights.

Case Study 1: Redesigning a Mobile Banking App

Objective

A leading bank wanted to redesign its mobile banking app to improve user satisfaction and engagement.

Research Methods

  • Interviews: Conducted in-depth interviews with 20 users to understand their banking habits and pain points.
  • Usability Testing: Observed 15 users as they navigated the existing app to identify usability issues.

Findings

  • Users found the navigation confusing and struggled to locate key features.
  • Security concerns were a major pain point, with users wanting more transparent security measures.
  • Users desired a more personalized experience, such as customized alerts and recommendations.

Outcome

The insights led to a complete overhaul of the app’s navigation, the introduction of transparent security features, and personalized user experiences. Post-launch, user satisfaction scores increased by 30%, and app engagement rose by 25%.

Case Study 2: Developing a New Fitness Tracker

Objective

A tech startup aimed to develop a new fitness tracker that stood out in a crowded market.

Research Methods

  • Surveys: Distributed surveys to 500 potential users to gather quantitative data on fitness habits and preferences.
  • Field Studies: Conducted field studies with 10 users to observe their fitness routines and challenges.

Findings

  • Users wanted a tracker that seamlessly integrated with their existing fitness apps.
  • Battery life was a significant concern, with users preferring devices that required less frequent charging.
  • Users valued features that provided actionable insights, such as personalized workout recommendations.

Outcome

The startup designed a fitness tracker with extended battery life, seamless app integration, and personalized insights. The product received rave reviews for its user-centric design and quickly gained a loyal customer base.

Conclusion

Conducting user research is an indispensable part of human-centered design. By understanding the needs, behaviors, and motivations of users, designers can create products and services that truly resonate with people. The steps outlined in this article, along with the real-world case studies, provide a roadmap for conducting effective user research. Remember, the key to successful user research is empathy, active listening, and a commitment to translating insights into meaningful design solutions.

Bottom line: Futurology is not fortune telling. Futurists use a scientific approach to create their deliverables, but a methodology and tools like those in FutureHacking™ can empower anyone to engage in futurology themselves.

Image credit: Unsplash

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Testing My Personal Limits with Innovation

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Physiclo Basketball Resistance Tights

A few months ago I came across an article in Engadget about Physiclo, a startup company launched to provide resistance clothing for athletes. I’m assuming their name Phyisclo is a mashup of the words physical + clothing. Cute.

As a basketball player for which height and youth are not advantages (I’m about 5’8” and a bit past my 21st birthday – just how far past you’ll have to guess), endurance, guile, and a reliable mid-range game are about the only advantages on the court I can hope for.

Given that, in the past I’ve tried ankle weights and weight vests as ways to try and increase my speed, quickness and vertical leaping abilities. From experience I can tell you that ankle weights will injure you and weight vests can be uncomfortable. Jump shoes always seemed dangerous as well, and so after a while I went back to just playing basketball without any gadgets and began readjusting to the idea that I might never be able to increase my athleticism, only my fitness.

But after seeing an article about Physiclo and their resistance clothing for athletes, and thinking through the value proposition both as an athlete and as an innovation professional, I started to think it was worth investigating. I was intrigued because the Physiclo offering is not some wonky gadget that required me to change my behavior, but instead allows me to wear something I was already wearing – compression tights.

So I reached out to the company and began corresponding with the company, and a few weeks later a pair of Physiclo compression tights for me and a pair of Physiclo compression shorts for my grade school AAU basketball playing daughter arrived in the mail (there is your full disclosure). We had every intention of setting a baseline for baseline to baseline speed and vertical leaping ability and to measure every 30 days over a 90 day period, but our local YMCA closed and moved to a new facility after the 30 day measurement and the court size changed and we lost our vertical leap measurement board on the wall. I can tell you that at the 30 day mark we were both getting modestly faster after 30 days, but neither of us recorded any improvement in vertical leaping ability. This was even with a week gap in our workout regimes during that first 30 days because of a family vacation.

Physiclo basketball Dribble

Qualitatively, the first week I wore the Physiclo resistance tights to play 60-90 minutes of basketball (per gym visit) they kicked my ass (to use a technical term) and the same was true after a week of vacation (which ended up meaning nearly a two week gap for me). I got winded easier, my leg muscles fatigued faster, and were more sore afterward than without wearing the Physiclo tights. It took me about a week initially and after vacation to get used to the extra demands they put on my body again. After that, post Physiclo workout fatigue and soreness was the same as without Physiclo, and I felt like my body adjusted and my in game performance only decreased slightly. One other benefit I noticed from Physiclo was that after wearing them for a week or two I was able to power up the hills of downtown Seattle that used to feel like more of a struggle.

My daughter also says she feels the extra effort required when she wears them in practice/training and I’ve seen her get faster in games (when she doesn’t wear her free Physiclo resistance shorts – men’s extra small). She moves better than she used to, and the other girls get tired before she does.

And for me, the impact of wearing my Physiclo resistance tights (sent to me for free) is that I have yet to play without them because every time I think about doing it so I can blow by people, that thought is overpowered by the thought that I won’t get as much out of that workout. So, on goes Physiclo.

I reached out to the Physiclo founders because their invention looked like a potential innovation suitable for profiling to the innovation community here.

As a reminder, my definition of innovation is as follows:

“Innovation transforms the useful seeds of invention into widely-adopted solutions valued above every existing alternative.”

Is Physiclo an innovation?

Absolutely!

For anyone looking to get faster or to get more out of any workout or training that involves running, I can’t think of a more practical and effective training aid. Prices are in the $100-130 range and are available on the Physiclo web site.

Four thumbs up!

Image credit: Physiclo.com

Build a Common Language of Innovation

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Innovation is Human

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Innovation is Human

In many ways organizations are like humans, and others have described organizations and organizational change in biological terms before. But this biological context applies to innovation as well, and I’d like to put it forward quickly in simple terms.

As humans we must eat to survive, but if we focus too much on eating, we get unhealthy.

If we don’t focus enough on eating or if we eat the wrong things, we get unhealthy.

If we don’t enjoy enough variety in our experiences, we get unhealthy.

If we don’t spend enough time synthesizing those new experiences to uncover insights via sleep, we get unhealthy.

If we don’t eliminate our waste, we get unhealthy.

And finally, and probably most important to our health, we must exercise to increase our strength, flexibility, agility, reduce our stress levels, to build new capabilities, and to increase our longevity.

But, you can exercise too much, and get unhealthy as well.

The key is balance.

And the same is true for organizations, and parallels for all of these human activities can be drawn to the activities of organizations as well.

And while our interactions with food can be compared to our focus on the day to day operations within the context of the organization, the pursuit of innovation is the exercise for the organization.

And in much the same way that many people resist exercise even though they know it is good for them, many organizations do as well.

But for organizations to stay fit and enjoy a long and productive life, they must strike that balance between a healthy diet and exercise.

So, is your organization going to be fit or fat?

And next time someone in your organization says that innovation isn’t important, or that they can’t focus on it right now, ask them if they think exercise is important, then remind them that innovation like exercise is how we reinvigorate our organizations and keep them vibrant and alive, and go find yourself a carrot stick.

Keep innovating!

Image credit: fitinafatworld.wordpress.com

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