Tag Archives: UX

AI Requires Conversational Intelligence

AI Requires Conversational Intelligence

GUEST POST from Greg Satell

Historically, building technology had been about capabilities and features. Engineers and product designers would come up with new things that they thought people wanted, figure out how to make them work and ship “new and improved” products. The result was often things that were maddeningly difficult to use.

That began to change when Don Norman published his classic, The Design of Everyday Things and introduced concepts like dominant design, affordances and natural mapping into industrial design. The book is largely seen as pioneering the user-centered design movement. Today, UX has become a thriving field.

Yet artificial intelligence poses new challenges. We speak or type into an interface and expect machines to respond appropriately. Often they do not. With the popularity of smart speakers like Amazon Alexa and Google Home, we have a dire need for clear principles for human-AI interactions. A few years ago, two researchers at IBM embarked on a journey to do just that.

The Science Of Conversations

Bob Moore first came across conversation analysis as an undergraduate in the late 1980s, became intensely interested and later earned a PhD based on his work in the field. The central problems are well known to anybody who has ever watched Seinfeld or Curb Your Enthusiasm, our conversations are riddled with complex, unwritten rules that aren’t always obvious.

For example, every conversation has an unstated goal, whether it is just to pass the time, exchange information or to inspire an emotion. Yet our conversations are also shaped by context. For example, the unwritten rules would be different for a conversation between a pair of friends, a boss and subordinate, in a courtroom setting or in a doctor’s office.

“What conversation analysis basically tries to reveal are the unwritten rules people follow, bend and break when engaging in conversations,” Moore told me and he soon found that the tech industry was beginning to ask similar questions. So he took a position at Xerox PARC and then Yahoo! before landing at IBM in 2012.

As the company was working to integrate its Watson system with applications from other industries, he began to work with Raphael Arar, an award-winning visual designer and user experience expert. The two began to see that their interests were strangely intertwined and formed a partnership to design better conversations for machines.

Establishing The Rules Of Engagement

Typically, we use natural language interfaces, both voice and text, like a search box. We announce our intention to seek information by saying, “Hey Siri,” or “Hey Alexa,” followed by a simple query, like “where is the nearest Starbucks.” This can be useful, especially when driving or walking down the street,” but is also fairly limited, especially for more complex tasks.

What’s far more interesting — and potentially far more useful — is being able to use natural language interfaces in conjunction with other interfaces, like a screen. That’s where the marriage of conversational analysis and user experience becomes important, because it will help us build conventions for more complex human-computer interactions.

“We wanted to come up with a clear set of principles for how the various aspects of the interface would relate to each other,” Arar told me. “What happens in the conversation when someone clicks on a button to initiate an action?” What makes this so complex is that different conversations will necessarily have different contexts.

For example, when we search for a restaurant on our phone, should the screen bring up a map, information about pricing, pictures of food, user ratings or some combination? How should the rules change when we are looking for a doctor, a plumber or a travel destination?

Deriving Meaning Through Preserving Context

Another aspect of conversations is that they are highly dependent on context, which can shift and evolve over time. For example, if we ask someone for a restaurant nearby, it would be natural for them to ask a question to narrow down the options, such as “what kind of food are you looking for?” If we answer, “Mexican,” we would expect that person to know we are still interested in restaurants, not, say, the Mexican economy or culture.

Another issue is that when we follow a particular logical chain, we often find some disqualifying factor. For instance, a doctor might be looking for a clinical trial for her patient, find one that looks promising but then see that that particular study is closed. Typically, she would have to retrace her steps to go back to find other options.

“A true conversational interface allows us to preserve context across the multiple turns in the interaction,” Moore says. “If we’re successful, the machine will be able to adapt to the user’s level of competence, serving the expert efficiently but also walking the novice through the system, explaining itself as needed.”

And that’s the true potential of the ability to initiate more natural conversations with computers. Much like working with humans, the better we are able to communicate, the more value we can get out of our relationships.

Making The Interface Disappear

In the early days of web usability, there was a constant tension between user experience and design. Media designers were striving to be original. User experience engineers, on the other hand, were trying to build conventions. Putting a search box in the upper right hand corner of a web page might not be creative, but that’s where users look to find it.

Yet eventually a productive partnership formed and today most websites seem fairly intuitive. We mostly know where things are supposed to be and can navigate things easily. The challenge now is to build that same type of experience for artificial intelligence, so that our relationships with the technology become more natural and more useful.

“Much like we started to do with user experience for conventional websites two decades ago, we want the user interface to disappear,” Arar says. Because when we aren’t wrestling with the interface and constantly having to repeat ourselves or figuring out how to rephrase our questions, we can make our interactions much more efficient and productive.

As Moore put it to me, “Much of the value of systems today is locked in the data and, as we add exabytes to that every year, the potential is truly enormous. However, our ability to derive value from that data is limited by the effectiveness of the user interface. The more we can make the interface become intelligent and largely disappear, the more value we will be able unlock.”

— Article courtesy of the Digital Tonto blog and previously appeared on Inc.com
— Image credits: Pixabay

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High Quality User Experiences Lie at the Heart of Innovation

High Quality User Experiences Lie at the Heart of Innovation

GUEST POST from Chateau G Pato

Welcome, dear business professionals and innovators, to the thrilling world of user experiences (UX) as the driving force behind remarkable innovations! Picture this: the greatest innovations over time aren’t just about sleek technology or cutting-edge design. They’re deeply rooted in exceptional user experiences, weaving functionality with the user’s being in mind. It’s not wizardry—it’s strategic thoughtfulness married with creativity.

The Theory Behind UX and Innovation

Let’s start with the theoretical groundwork before diving into the playground of real-world examples and practical insights. At the core, innovation can be broken down into two elements: meeting unmet needs and solving problems in unique ways. When we talk about high-quality UX, we’re diving into the delicious soup of innovation ingredients: empathy, simplicity, and context-fitting solutions.

“Innovation is the ability to see change as an opportunity, not a threat.” — Steve Jobs

The essence of UX lies in empathy for the user. This means understanding their pain points, desires, environments, and ultimately, their journey. When businesses hone in on these aspects, they’re addressing the fundamental truths of human interaction. With a user-focused mindset, businesses can not only satisfy but delight their customers, fostering loyalty and growth.

Case Study One: Apple Inc. – Redefining Personal Tech

Apple Inc., acknowledged for its relentless pursuit of innovative yet user-friendly products, transformed the personal tech landscape by emphasizing intuitive and beautiful experiences. Consider the iPhone. Launched in 2007, it revolutionized the smartphone with a seamless touch interface, effortlessly linking hardware, software, and services by prioritizing user interaction.

Apple’s innovation wasn’t in just creating the upbeat visuals or excellent hardware. Instead, it was about removing barriers. The iPhone simplified what was once complex. By understanding the frustrations users faced with contemporary phones and leveraging a UX-centered design, they crafted a product that redefined how people connected with technology.

Practical Insight: Involve Users Early and Often

The story of the iPhone reveals a key takeaway: involve your users at every stage. During product development, prioritize user feedback. Prototype, test, iterate, and do it all again. This cyclical feedback loop not only refines the product but also inherently builds brand love and loyalty.

Case Study Two: Airbnb – Reimagining Travel Lodging

Initially dismissed as a quirky idea, Airbnb upended the conventional hotel industry with the power of UX-led innovation. How? By flipping the script – instead of dictating what the service should be, Airbnb built the platform collaboratively with both hosts and travelers. This double-ended user experience was key.

Through thoughtful UX design, Airbnb removed the friction points in both finding a unique place to stay and for hosts to rent out their spaces. The company’s relentless focus on understanding user journeys allowed them to craft user scenarios that reproduced real-world experiences, ultimately leading to a platform that’s convenient, reliable, and delightful for millions.

Practical Insight: Creating Emotional Connections

Airbnb’s success illustrates how crafting emotional connections through authentic, relatable experiences can lead to innovative breakthroughs. By appreciating cultural nuances and personal stories, businesses can design products and services that resonate on a deeper level, triggering emotional engagement that fosters brand growth.

The Practical Playbook

So, how can businesses consistently place high-quality user experiences at the heart of their innovation efforts? Here’s a playful yet effective practical playbook:

  • Get into the trenches – dive deep into user research and journey mapping.
  • Embrace rapid prototyping – build early, test often, and welcome failure as a learning tool.
  • Adopt a beginner’s mindset – see your product/service through novice eyes.
  • Foster cross-disciplinary collaborations – blend creative, technical, and strategic lenses.
  • Celebrate customer stories – center narratives around user victories enabled by your innovation.

Conclusion

Remembering that high-quality UX is not an endpoint but a perpetual journey can keep innovation alive and thriving. With this mindset, you can unlock a world where customers’ experiences are rich gardens, continually blooming with innovative delights.

So here’s to crafting timeless experiences that enchant the world! The path to innovation isn’t a straight line—it’s a beautifully curvy journey filled with user insights, empathy, and a sprinkle of magic. Onward!

This article highlights the importance of user experience in driving innovation through both theoretical exploration and practical insights, supported by relevant case studies from Apple and Airbnb. Let me know if there are any changes or additional elements you’d like to include.

Extra Extra: Because innovation is all about change, Braden Kelley’s human-centered change methodology and tools are the best way to plan and execute the changes necessary to support your innovation and transformation efforts — all while literally getting everyone all on the same page for change. Find out more about the methodology and tools, including the book Charting Change by following the link. Be sure and download the TEN FREE TOOLS while you’re here.

Image credit: Pexels

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Human-Centered Design and User Experience

Human-Centered Design and User Experience

GUEST POST from Art Inteligencia

As technology becomes increasingly complex, the need for user-friendly design and user experience (UX) is more important than ever. To understand user experience, it’s essential to understand human-centered design, which is the practice of designing products and services with the user’s needs and objectives as the focal point. Human-centered design involves looking at the needs and wants of a product’s end user, rather than the product or service itself, which helps create a better user experience. The focus of human-centered design is on creating the best possible user experience, and many companies have realized the benefits of using this approach. Here, we’ll look at two case studies of successful human-centered design and user experience.

What are the key ways that human-centered design and user experience intersect?

There are definite intersections between user experience and human-centered design. Here are four (4) intersection points to consider:

1. Focus on Context: Human-centered design and user experience both focus on taking the context of the user into account and ensuring the system meets their needs. This means understanding the user’s environment, their emotional state, and their goals, and then designing the system to meet those needs.

2. Create Solutions for Different Types of Users: Human-centered design and user experience approach the problem solving process differently. They take into account how people interact with the system, how they may encounter problems, and how they feel. Then, they create solutions that can be tailored to specific types of users, older users, disabled users, etc.

3. Enable Iterative Development: Human-centered design and user experience methods enable a more iterative development process. This means that the design process can evolve as new information comes in from users, allowing for improved solutions at each step of development.

4. Focus on Holistic Experiences: Human-centered design and user experience place importance on the usability of the system, but also the overall experience the user will have. This means that both the visuals and the usability should enhance the user’s experience. It also means that the system should be easy to use and understand, no matter how it is accessed.

Case Study 1 – Healthcare Industry

The first case study is an example of human-centered design applied to the healthcare industry. Vitamin Health is a company that is leveraging human-centered design to quickly and accurately deliver personalized vitamin and supplement recommendations, tailored to the individual’s lifestyle and health needs. The company created an online platform that assesses the user’s needs and then generates personalized vitamin and supplement recommendations. After a brief survey, the user is presented with a clear summary of their recommended vitamins and supplements. Along with providing the recommendations, Vitamin Health has also created an app that allows users to manage their vitamin and supplement intake. Vitamin Health has improved the user experience by making the process of obtaining personalized recommendations easy and convenient.

Case Study 2 – Entertainment Industry

The second case study involves human-centered design applied to the entertainment industry. Netflix is a streaming service provider that has placed a strong emphasis on user experience. Netflix uses human-centered design to create a personalized experience for each user. It is constantly collecting data on user action in real time, which is then used to make personalized recommendations. Netflix has implemented many features that allow users to find content that suits their particular interests and preferences. The company has also made the process of subscribing to its service quick and easy.

Conclusion

By focusing on human-centered design and user experience, Netflix and Vitamin Health have been able to create products and services that are more user-friendly, efficient, and enjoyable. They have also demonstrated the importance of understanding the needs of end users in order to create an optimal user experience. Human-centered design is quickly becoming the foundation of modern product and service design, and companies must consider the end user’s needs if they hope to remain competitive in the future.

SPECIAL BONUS: Braden Kelley’s Problem Finding Canvas can be a super useful starting point for doing design thinking or human-centered design.

“The Problem Finding Canvas should help you investigate a handful of areas to explore, choose the one most important to you, extract all of the potential challenges and opportunities and choose one to prioritize.”

Image credit: Pexels

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